Overview 87 matches · 0 protected · 0 exploited · 0 CISA KEV · 0 public PoC · 2 EPSS ≥ 0.5
Protected by Waratek
0
0.0%
Rule in development
0
0.0%
Mitigation candidate
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0.0%
No exploit published
87
100.0%
blocked by ARMR today
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0.0%
partly blocked
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0.0%
not blocked
87
100.0%
not established
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0.0%
unrecorded
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0.0%
Exploited
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0.0%
Working exploit published
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0.0%
Proof of concept only
11
12.6%
Forecast only
2
2.3%
No public exploit
74
85.1%
split by
peak 47 / year
20061
No exploit published1
Medium1
not blocked1
No public exploit1
20070
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No exploit published2
High1
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not blocked2
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Critical2
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Medium2
not blocked6
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20191
No exploit published1
High1
not blocked1
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20209
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Critical4
High2
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not blocked9
No public exploit9
20216
No exploit published6
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not blocked6
Forecast only2
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20222
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not blocked2
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not blocked1
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20249
No exploit published9
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20253
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202647
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Critical10
High14
Medium22
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| CVE | Severity | Published▾ | Status | Exploitation | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2026-91920 | Medium | 2026-10-30 | No exploit published | No public exploit | A flaw was found in the ChunkReader component of the Undertow web server, which is used to handle chunked transfer encoding in HTTP requests. The issue occurs because a security check for the chunk size is performed before the value is shifted, allowing a specifically crafted 15-digit chunk size to bypass the limit and overflow into internal state flags. This can cause the server to terminate a request body prematurely and interpret the remaining data as a separate, smuggled request. |
| CVE-2026-102479 | High | 2026-10-14 | No exploit published | No public exploit | In Eclipse Vert.x versions [5.0.0,5.0.12] or [5.1.0,5.1.9] or [5.2.0, 5.2.0], the Vert.x HTTP/1.x decoder uses a canonicalization for well known HTTP headers, the canonicalization process interprets well crafted headers as headers of this list, allowing for instance Content-Xength to be interpeted as Content-Length. This can be exploited for request smuggling purpose. The impacted component is io.vertx:vertx-core. |
| CVE-2026-100724 | Medium | 2026-09-27 | No exploit published | No public exploit | http4k (Maven package org.http4k:http4k-core) before 6.49.0.0, 5.42.0.0 and 4.51.0.0 uses substring (Contains) matching on the Host header by default in reverseProxy() and reverseProxyRouting() when dispatching to configured virtual hosts. If these functions are deployed as a public-facing inbound HTTP handler with two or more configured virtual hosts, a remote attacker can supply a Host header that merely contains a configured vhost name (for example Host: admin.evil.com for a vhost configured as "admin") and be routed to that vhost, bypassing routing-based authorization. The intended outbound-dispatch and test-time uses, where the Host value is set by the calling application, are not affected. |
| CVE-2026-100666 | Medium | 2026-09-26 | No exploit published | Proof of concept only | Netty's HttpServerCodec (io.netty:netty-codec-http) in versions 4.2.0.Final through 4.2.16.Final and in versions up to and including 4.1.136.Final pairs each outbound response with an inbound request by calling pollMethod() once per response, including for 1xx informational responses. If a client pipelines an HTTP/1.1 GET carrying an Expect: 100-continue header followed by a HEAD request, the 100 Continue response consumes the queued GET method, so the subsequent 200 OK for the GET is paired with HEAD and its body is dropped, while the following 200 OK for the HEAD request is written with a body. This desynchronizes HTTP parsing on the connection: the GET entity is never delivered and the HEAD response body is interpreted as the GET body, resulting in response splitting and unsafe connection reuse. Fixed in 4.2.17.Final and 4.1.137.Final. |
| CVE-2026-100659 | Medium | 2026-09-26 | No exploit published | No public exploit | Netty's HTTP/3 codec (io.netty:netty-codec-http3) in versions 4.2.0.Final through 4.2.17.Final does not enforce the RFC 9114 requirement that the :authority pseudo-header field and a literal host header field, when both present, carry the same value. A remote unauthenticated peer can send a single HEADERS frame containing both fields with differing, attacker-controlled values; the request is accepted and delivered to the application with two conflicting authorities, allowing routing, virtual-host, and access-control decisions to be bypassed when different components in the request path consult different fields. This issue is fixed in 4.2.18.Final. |
| CVE-2026-86350 | Critical | 2026-09-23 | No exploit published | No public exploit | Inconsistent interpretation of HTTP/2 requests ('HTTP Request/Response smuggling') vulnerability in Apache Tomcat caused by a regression in fix for CVE-2026-41293 can trigger request header mix-up. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.22 through 11.0.25, from 10.1.55 through 10.1.59, from 9.0.118 through 9.0.121. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.26, 10.1.60 or 9.0.122, which fix the issue. |
| CVE-2026-77756 | Low | 2026-09-23 | No exploit published | No public exploit | Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling') vulnerability in Apache Tomcat caused by processing the transfer-encoding header for an HTTP/1.0 request may allow an attacker to cause one request from another user to fail when Tomcat is located behind a reverse proxy. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.25, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.59, from 9.0.47 through 9.0.121. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: from 8.5.67 through 8.5.100. Other unsupported versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.26, 10.1.60 or 9.0.122, which fix the issue. |
| CVE-2026-93574 | Medium | 2026-09-18 | No exploit published | No public exploit | A flaw was found in Netty's `netty-codec-http` component. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted HTTP/1.1 chunk-size token that includes post-digit whitespace. This incorrect parsing of the chunk size can lead to HTTP request smuggling. This allows an attacker to bypass security controls or access unauthorized resources in proxy/backend deployments. |
| CVE-2026-93573 | Medium | 2026-09-18 | No exploit published | No public exploit | A flaw was found in Netty's HTTP/1.1 decoder. This vulnerability allows a remote attacker to bypass `Transfer-Encoding` header validation by splitting the `Transfer-Encoding` field across multiple headers, with the last field containing a non-final transfer coding like `gzip` or `deflate`. This bypass can lead to HTTP request smuggling, enabling attackers to bypass security controls, desynchronize request processing, or cause requests to be processed in an unintended context. |
| CVE-2026-93569 | High | 2026-09-18 | No exploit published | No public exploit | A flaw was found in Netty. A remote unauthenticated attacker can exploit a vulnerability in Netty's HTTP/1 to HTTP/2 conversion process. When an HTTP/1 request includes both an absolute-form request-target and a conflicting Host header, Netty incorrectly prioritizes the Host header for the HTTP/2 :authority field, discarding the original request-target authority. This inconsistency can allow an attacker to bypass security controls in Netty-based proxies or gateways, potentially leading to unauthorized access, cache poisoning, or misrouting of requests. |
| CVE-2026-11722 | Medium | 2026-09-18 | No exploit published | No public exploit | IBM WebSphere Application Server 8.5 and 9.0, and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.8 are affected by an HTTP request smuggling vulnerability. |
| CVE-2026-11710 | Medium | 2026-09-18 | No exploit published | No public exploit | IBM WebSphere Application Server 8.5 is affected by an HTTP request smuggling vulnerability due to improper handling of Content-Length headers. |
| CVE-2026-11548 | Medium | 2026-09-18 | No exploit published | No public exploit | IBM WebSphere Application Server 8.5 and 9.0, and and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.8 are affected by an HTTP request smuggling vulnerability. |
| CVE-2026-10841 | Medium | 2026-09-18 | No exploit published | No public exploit | IBM WebSphere Application Server 8.5 and 9.0, and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.8 are vulnerable to HTTP request smuggling. |
| CVE-2026-69216 | Medium | 2026-09-15 | No exploit published | No public exploit | Http4s is a Scala interface for HTTP services. Prior to 0.23.35 and 1.0.0-M47, Ember’s chunk decoder trims the chunk-size token and accepts leading plus or minus signs instead of requiring one or more hexadecimal digits followed by the required CRLF. When an intermediary forwards chunked data without re-encoding and interprets malformed chunk boundaries differently, an unauthenticated attacker can create TE.TE request smuggling that bypasses intermediary controls, poisons caches, or hijacks the request queue. The same response-path leniency can enable response smuggling against an ember-client used as a gateway when the upstream is malicious or compromised. This issue is fixed in versions 0.23.35 and 1.0.0-M47. |
| CVE-2026-69205 | High | 2026-09-15 | No exploit published | No public exploit | Http4s is a Scala interface for HTTP services. Prior to 0.23.35 and 1.0.0-M47, Ember’s HeaderP.parse uses a case-sensitive substring test for the Transfer-Encoding value and decodes header bytes with the platform default charset. Values such as Chunked are not recognized, values such as notchunked are incorrectly accepted, and Unicode case folding can turn a Kelvin-sign byte sequence into a match when UTF-8 is used. Intermediaries that apply RFC-compliant token and charset rules can therefore disagree with Ember’s Content-Length or zero-length framing, enabling TE.CL or TE.0 request smuggling, access-control bypass, cross-user request hijacking, and cache poisoning on the server path. Response smuggling through an ember-client gateway requires a malicious or compromised upstream. This issue is fixed in versions 0.23.35 and 1.0.0-M47. |
| CVE-2026-69204 | Critical | 2026-09-15 | No exploit published | No public exploit | Http4s is a Scala interface for HTTP services. Prior to 0.23.35 and 1.0.0-M47, Ember HTTP/1.1 does not reject messages containing both Transfer-Encoding and Content-Length, so an intermediary and Ember can select different body framing rules. When ember-server is behind a keep-alive intermediary that forwards both headers and frames by Content-Length, an unauthenticated attacker can smuggle a second request, bypass intermediary access controls, poison caches, or cause a victim request to be joined to an attacker-controlled prefix. The shared response parser can also desynchronize an ember-client connection when a malicious or compromised upstream sends both headers. This issue is fixed in versions 0.23.35 and 1.0.0-M47. |
| CVE-2026-73494 | High | 2026-09-14 | No exploit published | No public exploit | blaze is a Scala library for building asynchronous pipelines, with a focus on network IO. Prior to 0.23.18 and from 1.0.0-M1 until 1.0.0-M42, five HTTP/1.1 conformance laxities in the hand-written Java parser under http/src/main/java/org/http4s/blaze/http/parser/ can cause blaze to derive a different request boundary than a stricter fronting intermediary. A default BlazeServerBuilder accepts invalid or valueless header field names that violate tchar syntax, obsolete folded field lines (obs-fold), unsupported Transfer-Encoding values, duplicate Content-Length fields, and requests containing both Transfer-Encoding and Content-Length. If a lenient or legacy proxy forwards the malformed bytes but interprets them differently, the disagreement can permit front-end authorization bypass, response-queue poisoning on pooled backend connections, or cache poisoning. Exploitation requires a pair of disagreeing parsers; no non-default blaze configuration is required. The affected checks are enforced in BodyAndHeaderParser and Http1ServerParser. This issue is fixed in versions 0.23.18 and 1.0.0-M42. |
| CVE-2026-15634 | Medium | 2026-09-14 | No exploit published | No public exploit | IBM WebSphere Application Server 8.5 and 9.0, and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.8 are vulnerable to HTTP request smuggling, caused by improper parsing of the HTTP transfer-encoding request header. By sending a specially crafted HTTP transfer-encoding request header, an attacker could exploit this vulnerability to poison the web cache, bypass web application firewall protection, and conduct XSS attacks. |
| CVE-2026-15396 | Medium | 2026-09-14 | No exploit published | No public exploit | IBM WebSphere Application Server 8.5 and 9.0, and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.8 are vulnerable to HTTP request smuggling, caused by improper parsing of the HTTP transfer-encoding request header. By sending a specially crafted HTTP transfer-encoding request header, an attacker could exploit this vulnerability to poison the web cache, bypass web application firewall protection, and conduct XSS attacks. |
| CVE-2026-89044 | Medium | 2026-09-10 | No exploit published | No public exploit | Netty versions 4.1.133.Final through 4.1.137.Final and 4.2.13.Final through 4.2.17.Final fail to properly validate the final transfer coding in the Transfer-Encoding header, allowing attackers to smuggle requests by using malformed encoding declarations. Attackers can split Transfer-Encoding headers across multiple lines or use values like 'chunked, xchunked' to bypass validation and decode messages as chunked when the final coding is not chunked, enabling request smuggling attacks. |
| CVE-2026-19203 | High | 2026-09-08 | No exploit published | No public exploit | A client may issue specially crafted HTTP/1.1 chunked requests to a Jetty server that cause Jetty and an intermediary proxy to interpret different request boundaries, potentially resulting in HTTP request smuggling. This is caused by Jetty accepting a lone LF character as a terminator in parts of chunked request parsing. Depending on the Jetty version and configured HTTP compliance mode, this may occur in chunk extensions, chunk data termination, or trailer termination. |
| CVE-2026-73495 | High | 2026-08-12 | No exploit published | No public exploit | blaze is a Scala library for building asynchronous pipelines, with a focus on network IO. Prior to 0.23.18 and 1.0.0-M42, blaze-server can merge HTTP/1.1 chunked-body trailer fields into Request.headers. Because trailer fields are attacker-controlled, an unauthenticated remote client can inject arbitrary header names and values, including X-Forwarded-For and internal authorization headers, that a fronting proxy sanitized from the request-header section, bypassing header-based trust decisions in the application. Any http4s application using BlazeServerBuilder over HTTP/1.1 whose routes or middleware trust proxy-set headers, including X-Forwarded-For, X-Real-IP, and X-Forwarded-Host, is affected. If a fronting proxy strips or normalizes those headers but forwards chunked bodies with trailers intact, an attacker can spoof client IP for allow-lists, rate limits, or auditing, forge the https scheme, or inject internal authorization headers. A promoted Connection: close trailer is also honored, allowing attacker-controlled termination of pooled backend connections. This issue is fixed in versions 0.23.18 and 1.0.0-M42. |
| CVE-2026-14180 | Medium | 2026-08-11 | No exploit published | No public exploit | A flaw was found in the ChunkReader component of the Undertow HTTP server, which is used by WildFly and JBoss EAP to handle chunked transfer encoding. The issue occurs because the parser uses a single internal variable to store both the remaining chunk size and state flags. By sending a specially crafted request with an extremely large chunk size, an attacker can cause these values to overlap, tricking the parser into thinking a request has finished prematurely. This can allow a second, "smuggled" request to be processed out of sync, potentially bypassing security controls. |
| CVE-2026-59900 | Medium | 2026-07-29 | No exploit published | No public exploit | Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to versions 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final, Netty's HTTP/2-to-HTTP/1.x translation layer (`Http2StreamFrameToHttpObjectCodec` and `InboundHttp2ToHttpAdapter`) fails to deduplicate or validate `Host` headers when an HTTP/2 client supplies both the `:authority` pseudo-header and a literal `host` header in a single HEADERS frame. The translator maps `:authority` to `Host` and separately copies the literal `host` header, producing an `HttpRequest` object containing two `Host` headers with attacker-controlled differing values. This issue has been fixed in versions 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final. |
| CVE-2026-59898 | Medium | 2026-07-29 | No exploit published | No public exploit | Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to versions 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final, ab attacker can force WebSocket upgrade via the lax V07 (or V08) handshaker by sending `Sec-WebSocket-Version: 7` and omitting `Connection: Upgrade` / `Upgrade: websocket` headers, completing a protocol switch that a proxy would not recognize as an Upgrade request and enabling HTTP request smuggling / protocol-confusion attacks. This issue has been fixed in versions 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final. |
| CVE-2026-15328 | High | 2026-07-28 | No exploit published | No public exploit | IBM WebSphere Application Server and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty is vulnerable to HTTP request smuggling. |
| CVE-2026-15325 | High | 2026-07-28 | No exploit published | No public exploit | IBM WebSphere Application Server and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty is vulnerable to HTTP request smuggling due to improper handling of TRACE requests. |
| CVE-2026-15064 | High | 2026-07-28 | No exploit published | No public exploit | IBM WebSphere Application Server and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty is vulnerable to HTTP Response Smuggling due to improper handling of non-standard HTTP version tokens. |
| CVE-2026-11806 | High | 2026-06-30 | No exploit published | No public exploit | IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.6 is affected by an arbitrary file read vulnerability with the restConnector-2.0 feature enabled. |
| CVE-2026-11541 | Critical | 2026-06-30 | No exploit published | No public exploit | IBM CICS Transaction Gateway for Multiplatforms 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, and 10.1 IBM WebSphere Application Server 9.0, and 8.5 and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.6 are affected by an HTTP request smuggling vulnerability. |
| CVE-2026-8646 | Critical | 2026-06-22 | No exploit published | No public exploit | IBM WebSphere Application Server 9.0 and 8.5 and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.6 are vulnerable to HTTP request smuggling. A remote attacker could smuggle a specially crafted request to the application server thereby allowing the attacker to bypass security controls, spoof identity, escalate privilege, and expose sensitive information. |
| CVE-2026-50020 | Medium | 2026-06-12 | No exploit published | Proof of concept only | Netty is a network application framework for development of protocol servers and clients. Prior to versions 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.15.Final, before reading the first request-line, `HttpObjectDecoder` skips every byte for which `Character.isISOControl(b)` is `true` (0x00–0x1F and 0x7F) as well as all whitespace. RFC 9112 §2.2 only asks servers to ignore empty CRLF lines preceding the request-line — a carefully scoped robustness allowance intended to handle HTTP/1.0 POST workarounds. Silently absorbing NUL bytes, SOH, STX, and other non-CRLF control characters goes significantly beyond this, and can be exploited for request-boundary confusion in pipelined or multiplexed transports where a front-end component treats those bytes differently. Versions 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.15.Final patch the issue. |
| CVE-2026-41853 | Medium | 2026-06-09 | No exploit published | No public exploit | Spring MVC and WebFlux applications are vulnerable to Multipart request smuggling attacks. Affected versions: Spring Framework 7.0.0 through 7.0.7; 6.2.0 through 6.2.18; 6.1.0 through 6.1.27; 5.3.0 through 5.3.48. |
| CVE-2026-8620 | High | 2026-05-26 | No exploit published | No public exploit | IBM Web Server Plug-ins for WebSphere Application Server and WebSphere Liberty 8.5, 9.0 IBM WebSphere Application Server and WebSphere Application Server Liberty are vulnerable to HTTP request smuggling in the Web Server Plug-ins through a specially crafted request. |
| CVE-2026-42585 | High | 2026-05-13 | No exploit published | Proof of concept only | Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to 4.2.13.Final and 4.1.133.Final, Netty incorrectly parses malformed Transfer-Encoding, enabling request smuggling attacks. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.2.13.Final and 4.1.133.Final. |
| CVE-2026-42584 | Critical | 2026-05-13 | No exploit published | Proof of concept only | Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to 4.2.13.Final and 4.1.133.Final, HttpClientCodec pairs each inbound response with an outbound request by queue.poll() once per response, including for 1xx. If the client pipelines GET then HEAD and the server sends 103, then 200 with GET body, then 200 for HEAD, the queue pairs HEAD with the first 200. The HEAD rule then skips reading that message’s body, so the GET entity bytes stay on the stream and the following 200 is parsed from the wrong offset. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.2.13.Final and 4.1.133.Final. |
| CVE-2026-42581 | Critical | 2026-05-13 | No exploit published | Proof of concept only | Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to 4.2.13.Final and 4.1.133.Final, HttpObjectDecoder strips a conflicting Content-Length header when a request carries both Transfer-Encoding: chunked and Content-Length, but only for HTTP/1.1 messages. The guard is absent for HTTP/1.0. An attacker that sends an HTTP/1.0 request with both headers causes Netty to decode the body as chunked while leaving Content-Length intact in the forwarded HttpMessage. Any downstream proxy or handler that trusts Content-Length over Transfer-Encoding will disagree on message boundaries, enabling request smuggling. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.2.13.Final and 4.1.133.Final. |
| CVE-2026-42580 | Medium | 2026-05-13 | No exploit published | Proof of concept only | Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to 4.2.13.Final and 4.1.133.Final, Netty's chunk size parser silently overflows int, enabling request smuggling attacks. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.2.13.Final and 4.1.133.Final. |
| CVE-2026-41417 | Medium | 2026-05-06 | No exploit published | Proof of concept only | Netty allows request-line validation to be bypassed when a `DefaultHttpRequest` or `DefaultFullHttpRequest` is created first and its URI is later changed via `setUri()`. The constructors reject CRLF and whitespace characters that would break the start-line, but `setUri()` does not apply the same validation. `HttpRequestEncoder` and `RtspEncoder` then write the URI into the request line verbatim. If attacker-controlled input reaches `setUri()`, this enables CRLF injection and insertion of additional HTTP or RTSP requests, leading to HTTP request smuggling or desynchronization on the HTTP side and request injection on the RTSP side. This issue is fixed in versions 4.2.13.Final and 4.1.133.Final. |
| CVE-2026-2332 | Critical | 2026-04-14 | No exploit published | Proof of concept only | In Eclipse Jetty, the HTTP/1.1 parser is vulnerable to request smuggling when chunk extensions are used, similar to the "funky chunks" techniques outlined here: * https://w4ke.info/2025/06/18/funky-chunks.html * https://w4ke.info/2025/10/29/funky-chunks-2.html Jetty terminates chunk extension parsing at \r\n inside quoted strings instead of treating this as an error. POST / HTTP/1.1 Host: localhost Transfer-Encoding: chunked 1;ext="val X 0 GET /smuggled HTTP/1.1 ... Note how the chunk extension does not close the double quotes, and it is able to inject a smuggled request. |
| CVE-2026-24880 | High | 2026-04-09 | No exploit published | No public exploit | Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling') vulnerability in Apache Tomcat via invalid chunk extension. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.18, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.52, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.115, from 8.5.0 through 8.5.100, from 7.0.0 through 7.0.109. Other, unsupported versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.20, 10.1.52 or 9.0.116, which fix the issue. |
| CVE-2026-33870 | High | 2026-03-27 | No exploit published | Proof of concept only | Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. In versions prior to 4.1.132.Final and 4.2.10.Final, Netty incorrectly parses quoted strings in HTTP/1.1 chunked transfer encoding extension values, enabling request smuggling attacks. Versions 4.1.132.Final and 4.2.10.Final fix the issue. |
| CVE-2026-28369 | Critical | 2026-03-27 | No exploit published | No public exploit | A flaw was found in Undertow. When Undertow receives an HTTP request where the first header line starts with one or more spaces, it incorrectly processes the request by stripping these leading spaces. This behavior, which violates HTTP standards, can be exploited by a remote attacker to perform request smuggling. Request smuggling allows an attacker to bypass security mechanisms, access restricted information, or manipulate web caches, potentially leading to unauthorized actions or data exposure. |
| CVE-2026-28368 | Critical | 2026-03-27 | No exploit published | No public exploit | A flaw was found in Undertow. This vulnerability allows a remote attacker to construct specially crafted requests where header names are parsed differently by Undertow compared to upstream proxies. This discrepancy in header interpretation can be exploited to launch request smuggling attacks, potentially bypassing security controls and accessing unauthorized resources. |
| CVE-2026-28367 | Critical | 2026-03-27 | No exploit published | No public exploit | A flaw was found in Undertow. A remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending `\r\r\r` as a header block terminator. This can be used for request smuggling with certain proxy servers, such as older versions of Apache Traffic Server and Google Cloud Classic Application Load Balancer, potentially leading to unauthorized access or manipulation of web requests. |
| CVE-2026-1002 | Medium | 2026-01-15 | No exploit published | Proof of concept only | The Vert.x Web static handler component cache can be manipulated to deny the access to static files served by the handler using specifically crafted request URI. The issue comes from an improper implementation of the C. rule of section 5.2.4 of RFC3986 and is fixed in Vert.x Core component (used by Vert.x Web): https://github.com/eclipse-vertx/vert.x/pull/5895 Steps to reproduce Given a file served by the static handler, craft an URI that introduces a string like bar%2F..%2F after the last / char to deny the access to the URI with an HTTP 404 response. For example https://example.com/foo/index.html can be denied with https://example.com/foo/bar%2F..%2Findex.html Mitgation Disabling Static Handler cache fixes the issue. StaticHandler staticHandler = StaticHandler.create().setCachingEnabled(false); |
| CVE-2025-59822 | Medium | 2025-09-23 | No exploit published | Proof of concept only | Http4s is a Scala interface for HTTP services. In versions from 1.0.0-M1 to before 1.0.0-M45 and before 0.23.31, http4s is vulnerable to HTTP Request Smuggling due to improper handling of HTTP trailer section. This vulnerability could enable attackers to bypass front-end servers security controls, launch targeted attacks against active users, and poison web caches. A pre-requisite for exploitation involves the web application being deployed behind a reverse-proxy that forwards trailer headers. This issue has been patched in versions 1.0.0-M45 and 0.23.31. |
| CVE-2025-58056 | Low | 2025-09-03 | No exploit published | No public exploit | Netty is an asynchronous event-driven network application framework for development of maintainable high performance protocol servers and clients. In versions 4.1.124.Final, and 4.2.0.Alpha3 through 4.2.4.Final, Netty incorrectly accepts standalone newline characters (LF) as a chunk-size line terminator, regardless of a preceding carriage return (CR), instead of requiring CRLF per HTTP/1.1 standards. When combined with reverse proxies that parse LF differently (treating it as part of the chunk extension), attackers can craft requests that the proxy sees as one request but Netty processes as two, enabling request smuggling attacks. This is fixed in versions 4.1.125.Final and 4.2.5.Final. |
| CVE-2025-41235 | High | 2025-05-30 | No exploit published | No public exploit | Spring Cloud Gateway Server forwards the X-Forwarded-For and Forwarded headers from untrusted proxies. |
| CVE-2024-12397 | High | 2024-12-12 | No exploit published | No public exploit | A flaw was found in Quarkus-HTTP, which incorrectly parses cookies with certain value-delimiting characters in incoming requests. This issue could allow an attacker to construct a cookie value to exfiltrate HttpOnly cookie values or spoof arbitrary additional cookie values, leading to unauthorized data access or modification. The main threat from this flaw impacts data confidentiality and integrity. |
| CVE-2024-9666 | Medium | 2024-11-25 | No exploit published | No public exploit | A vulnerability was found in the Keycloak Server. The Keycloak Server is vulnerable to a denial of service (DoS) attack due to improper handling of proxy headers. When Keycloak is configured to accept incoming proxy headers, it may accept non-IP values, such as obfuscated identifiers, without proper validation. This issue can lead to costly DNS resolution operations, which an attacker could exploit to tie up IO threads and potentially cause a denial of service. The attacker must have access to send requests to a Keycloak instance that is configured to accept proxy headers, specifically when reverse proxies do not overwrite incoming headers, and Keycloak is configured to trust these headers. |
| CVE-2023-4639 | High | 2024-11-17 | No exploit published | No public exploit | A flaw was found in Undertow, which incorrectly parses cookies with certain value-delimiting characters in incoming requests. This issue could allow an attacker to construct a cookie value to exfiltrate HttpOnly cookie values or spoof arbitrary additional cookie values, leading to unauthorized data access or modification. The main threat from this flaw impacts data confidentiality and integrity. |
| CVE-2024-21281 | Medium | 2024-10-15 | No exploit published | No public exploit | Vulnerability in the Oracle Banking Liquidity Management product of Oracle Financial Services Applications (component: Infrastructure). The supported version that is affected is 14.7.0.6.0. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Banking Liquidity Management. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Banking Liquidity Management accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle Banking Liquidity Management accessible data and unauthorized ability to cause a partial denial of service (partial DOS) of Oracle Banking Liquidity Management. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 5.3 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L). |
| CVE-2024-9622 | Medium | 2024-10-08 | No exploit published | No public exploit | A vulnerability was found in the resteasy-netty4 library arising from improper handling of HTTP requests using smuggling techniques. When an HTTP smuggling request with an ASCII control character is sent, it causes the Netty HttpObjectDecoder to transition into a BAD_MESSAGE state. As a result, any subsequent legitimate requests on the same connection are ignored, leading to client timeouts, which may impact systems using load balancers and expose them to risk. |
| CVE-2024-21088 | High | 2024-04-16 | No exploit published | No public exploit | Vulnerability in the Oracle Production Scheduling product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Import Utility). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.4-12.2.12. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Production Scheduling. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Production Scheduling accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.5 (Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N). |
| CVE-2024-27439 | Medium | 2024-03-19 | No exploit published | No public exploit | An error in the evaluation of the fetch metadata headers could allow a bypass of the CSRF protection in Apache Wicket. This issue affects Apache Wicket: from 9.1.0 through 9.16.0, and the milestone releases for the 10.0 series. Apache Wicket 8.x does not support CSRF protection via the fetch metadata headers and as such is not affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 9.17.0 or 10.0.0, which fixes the issue. |
| CVE-2023-51747 | High | 2024-02-27 | No exploit published | No public exploit | Apache James prior to versions 3.8.1 and 3.7.5 is vulnerable to SMTP smuggling. A lenient behaviour in line delimiter handling might create a difference of interpretation between the sender and the receiver which can be exploited by an attacker to forge an SMTP envelop, allowing for instance to bypass SPF checks. The patch implies enforcement of CRLF as a line delimiter as part of the DATA transaction. We recommend James users to upgrade to non vulnerable versions. |
| CVE-2024-20915 | Medium | 2024-02-17 | No exploit published | No public exploit | Vulnerability in the Oracle Application Object Library product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Login - SSO). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.3-12.2.13. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Application Object Library. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a partial denial of service (partial DOS) of Oracle Application Object Library. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 5.3 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L). |
| CVE-2023-46589 | High | 2023-11-28 | No exploit published | No public exploit | Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat.Tomcat from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.0-M10, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.15, from 9.0.0-M1 through 9.0.82 and from 8.5.0 through 8.5.95 did not correctly parse HTTP trailer headers. A trailer header that exceeded the header size limit could cause Tomcat to treat a single request as multiple requests leading to the possibility of request smuggling when behind a reverse proxy. Older, EOL versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.0-M11 onwards, 10.1.16 onwards, 9.0.83 onwards or 8.5.96 onwards, which fix the issue. |
| CVE-2022-42252 | High | 2022-11-01 | No exploit published | No public exploit | If Apache Tomcat 8.5.0 to 8.5.82, 9.0.0-M1 to 9.0.67, 10.0.0-M1 to 10.0.26 or 10.1.0-M1 to 10.1.0 was configured to ignore invalid HTTP headers via setting rejectIllegalHeader to false (the default for 8.5.x only), Tomcat did not reject a request containing an invalid Content-Length header making a request smuggling attack possible if Tomcat was located behind a reverse proxy that also failed to reject the request with the invalid header. |
| CVE-2022-2466 | Critical | 2022-08-31 | No exploit published | No public exploit | It was found that Quarkus 2.10.x does not terminate HTTP requests header context which may lead to unpredictable behavior. |
| CVE-2021-33037 | Medium | 2021-07-12 | No exploit published | Forecast only | Apache Tomcat 10.0.0-M1 to 10.0.6, 9.0.0.M1 to 9.0.46 and 8.5.0 to 8.5.66 did not correctly parse the HTTP transfer-encoding request header in some circumstances leading to the possibility to request smuggling when used with a reverse proxy. Specifically: - Tomcat incorrectly ignored the transfer encoding header if the client declared it would only accept an HTTP/1.0 response; - Tomcat honoured the identify encoding; and - Tomcat did not ensure that, if present, the chunked encoding was the final encoding. |
| CVE-2021-30180 | Critical | 2021-06-01 | No exploit published | Forecast only | Apache Dubbo prior to 2.7.9 support Tag routing which will enable a customer to route the request to the right server. These rules are used by the customers when making a request in order to find the right endpoint. When parsing these YAML rules, Dubbo customers may enable calling arbitrary constructors. |
| CVE-2021-21409 | Medium | 2021-03-30 | No exploit published | No public exploit | Netty is an open-source, asynchronous event-driven network application framework for rapid development of maintainable high performance protocol servers & clients. In Netty (io.netty:netty-codec-http2) before version 4.1.61.Final there is a vulnerability that enables request smuggling. The content-length header is not correctly validated if the request only uses a single Http2HeaderFrame with the endStream set to to true. This could lead to request smuggling if the request is proxied to a remote peer and translated to HTTP/1.1. This is a followup of GHSA-wm47-8v5p-wjpj/CVE-2021-21295 which did miss to fix this one case. This was fixed as part of 4.1.61.Final. |
| CVE-2021-21295 | Medium | 2021-03-09 | No exploit published | No public exploit | Netty is an open-source, asynchronous event-driven network application framework for rapid development of maintainable high performance protocol servers & clients. In Netty (io.netty:netty-codec-http2) before version 4.1.60.Final there is a vulnerability that enables request smuggling. If a Content-Length header is present in the original HTTP/2 request, the field is not validated by `Http2MultiplexHandler` as it is propagated up. This is fine as long as the request is not proxied through as HTTP/1.1. If the request comes in as an HTTP/2 stream, gets converted into the HTTP/1.1 domain objects (`HttpRequest`, `HttpContent`, etc.) via `Http2StreamFrameToHttpObjectCodec `and then sent up to the child channel's pipeline and proxied through a remote peer as HTTP/1.1 this may result in request smuggling. In a proxy case, users may assume the content-length is validated somehow, which is not the case. If the request is forwarded to a backend channel that is a HTTP/1.1 connection, the Content-Length now has meaning and needs to be checked. An attacker can smuggle requests inside the body as it gets downgraded from HTTP/2 to HTTP/1.1. For an example attack refer to the linked GitHub Advisory. Users are only affected if all of this is true: `HTTP2MultiplexCodec` or `Http2FrameCodec` is used, `Http2StreamFrameToHttpObjectCodec` is used to convert to HTTP/1.1 objects, and these HTTP/1.1 objects are forwarded to another remote peer. This has been patched in 4.1.60.Final As a workaround, the user can do the validation by themselves by implementing a custom `ChannelInboundHandler` that is put in the `ChannelPipeline` behind `Http2StreamFrameToHttpObjectCodec`. |
| CVE-2021-20220 | Medium | 2021-02-23 | No exploit published | No public exploit | A flaw was found in Undertow. A regression in the fix for CVE-2020-10687 was found. HTTP request smuggling related to CVE-2017-2666 is possible against HTTP/1.x and HTTP/2 due to permitting invalid characters in an HTTP request. This flaw allows an attacker to poison a web-cache, perform an XSS attack, or obtain sensitive information from request other than their own. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity. |
| CVE-2021-23339 | Medium | 2021-02-17 | No exploit published | No public exploit | This affects all versions before 10.1.14 and from 10.2.0 to 10.2.4 of package com.typesafe.akka:akka-http-core. It allows multiple Transfer-Encoding headers. |
| CVE-2020-10687 | Medium | 2020-09-23 | No exploit published | No public exploit | A flaw was discovered in all versions of Undertow before Undertow 2.2.0.Final, where HTTP request smuggling related to CVE-2017-2666 is possible against HTTP/1.x and HTTP/2 due to permitting invalid characters in an HTTP request. This flaw allows an attacker to poison a web-cache, perform an XSS attack, or obtain sensitive information from request other than their own. |
| CVE-2020-10719 | Medium | 2020-05-26 | No exploit published | No public exploit | A flaw was found in Undertow in versions before 2.1.1.Final, regarding the processing of invalid HTTP requests with large chunk sizes. This flaw allows an attacker to take advantage of HTTP request smuggling. |
| CVE-2020-7622 | Critical | 2020-04-06 | No exploit published | No public exploit | This affects the package io.jooby:jooby-netty before 1.6.9, from 2.0.0 and before 2.2.1. The DefaultHttpHeaders is set to false which means it does not validates that the header isn't being abused for HTTP Response Splitting. |
| CVE-2020-7611 | Critical | 2020-03-30 | No exploit published | No public exploit | All versions of io.micronaut:micronaut-http-client before 1.2.11 and all versions from 1.3.0 before 1.3.2 are vulnerable to HTTP Request Header Injection due to not validating request headers passed to the client. |
| CVE-2020-1935 | Medium | 2020-02-24 | No exploit published | No public exploit | In Apache Tomcat 9.0.0.M1 to 9.0.30, 8.5.0 to 8.5.50 and 7.0.0 to 7.0.99 the HTTP header parsing code used an approach to end-of-line parsing that allowed some invalid HTTP headers to be parsed as valid. This led to a possibility of HTTP Request Smuggling if Tomcat was located behind a reverse proxy that incorrectly handled the invalid Transfer-Encoding header in a particular manner. Such a reverse proxy is considered unlikely. |
| CVE-2019-20445 | Critical | 2020-01-29 | No exploit published | No public exploit | HttpObjectDecoder.java in Netty before 4.1.44 allows a Content-Length header to be accompanied by a second Content-Length header, or by a Transfer-Encoding header. |
| CVE-2019-20444 | Critical | 2020-01-29 | No exploit published | No public exploit | HttpObjectDecoder.java in Netty before 4.1.44 allows an HTTP header that lacks a colon, which might be interpreted as a separate header with an incorrect syntax, or might be interpreted as an "invalid fold." |
| CVE-2020-7238 | High | 2020-01-27 | No exploit published | No public exploit | Netty 4.1.43.Final allows HTTP Request Smuggling because it mishandles Transfer-Encoding whitespace (such as a [space]Transfer-Encoding:chunked line) and a later Content-Length header. This issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2019-16869. |
| CVE-2020-5207 | High | 2020-01-27 | No exploit published | No public exploit | In Ktor before 1.3.0, request smuggling is possible when running behind a proxy that doesn't handle Content-Length and Transfer-Encoding properly or doesn't handle \n as a headers separator. |
| CVE-2019-16869 | High | 2019-09-26 | No exploit published | No public exploit | Netty before 4.1.42.Final mishandles whitespace before the colon in HTTP headers (such as a "Transfer-Encoding : chunked" line), which leads to HTTP request smuggling. |
| CVE-2017-2666 | Medium | 2018-07-27 | No exploit published | No public exploit | It was discovered in Undertow that the code that parsed the HTTP request line permitted invalid characters. This could be exploited, in conjunction with a proxy that also permitted the invalid characters but with a different interpretation, to inject data into the HTTP response. By manipulating the HTTP response the attacker could poison a web-cache, perform an XSS attack, or obtain sensitive information from requests other than their own. |
| CVE-2017-12165 | High | 2018-07-27 | No exploit published | No public exploit | It was discovered that Undertow before 1.4.17, 1.3.31 and 2.0.0 processes http request headers with unusual whitespaces which can cause possible http request smuggling. |
| CVE-2017-7658 | Critical | 2018-06-26 | No exploit published | No public exploit | In Eclipse Jetty Server, versions 9.2.x and older, 9.3.x (all non HTTP/1.x configurations), and 9.4.x (all HTTP/1.x configurations), when presented with two content-lengths headers, Jetty ignored the second. When presented with a content-length and a chunked encoding header, the content-length was ignored (as per RFC 2616). If an intermediary decided on the shorter length, but still passed on the longer body, then body content could be interpreted by Jetty as a pipelined request. If the intermediary was imposing authorization, the fake pipelined request would bypass that authorization. |
| CVE-2017-7657 | Critical | 2018-06-26 | No exploit published | No public exploit | In Eclipse Jetty, versions 9.2.x and older, 9.3.x (all configurations), and 9.4.x (non-default configuration with RFC2616 compliance enabled), transfer-encoding chunks are handled poorly. The chunk length parsing was vulnerable to an integer overflow. Thus a large chunk size could be interpreted as a smaller chunk size and content sent as chunk body could be interpreted as a pipelined request. If Jetty was deployed behind an intermediary that imposed some authorization and that intermediary allowed arbitrarily large chunks to be passed on unchanged, then this flaw could be used to bypass the authorization imposed by the intermediary as the fake pipelined request would not be interpreted by the intermediary as a request. |
| CVE-2017-7656 | High | 2018-06-26 | No exploit published | No public exploit | In Eclipse Jetty, versions 9.2.x and older, 9.3.x (all configurations), and 9.4.x (non-default configuration with RFC2616 compliance enabled), HTTP/0.9 is handled poorly. An HTTP/1 style request line (i.e. method space URI space version) that declares a version of HTTP/0.9 was accepted and treated as a 0.9 request. If deployed behind an intermediary that also accepted and passed through the 0.9 version (but did not act on it), then the response sent could be interpreted by the intermediary as HTTP/1 headers. This could be used to poison the cache if the server allowed the origin client to generate arbitrary content in the response. |
| CVE-2017-7559 | Medium | 2018-01-10 | No exploit published | No public exploit | In Undertow 2.x before 2.0.0.Alpha2, 1.4.x before 1.4.17.Final, and 1.3.x before 1.3.31.Final, it was found that the fix for CVE-2017-2666 was incomplete and invalid characters are still allowed in the query string and path parameters. This could be exploited, in conjunction with a proxy that also permitted the invalid characters but with a different interpretation, to inject data into the HTTP response. By manipulating the HTTP response the attacker could poison a web-cache, perform an XSS attack, or obtain sensitive information from requests other than their own. |
| CVE-2017-12158 | Medium | 2017-10-26 | No exploit published | No public exploit | It was found that Keycloak would accept a HOST header URL in the admin console and use it to determine web resource locations. An attacker could use this flaw against an authenticated user to attain reflected XSS via a malicious server. |
| CVE-2017-7561 | High | 2017-09-13 | No exploit published | No public exploit | Red Hat JBoss EAP version 3.0.7 through before 4.0.0.Beta1 is vulnerable to a server-side cache poisoning or CORS requests in the JAX-RS component resulting in a moderate impact. |
| CVE-2006-6276 | Medium | 2006-12-04 | No exploit published | No public exploit | HTTP request smuggling vulnerability in Sun Java System Proxy Server before 20061130, when used with Sun Java System Application Server or Sun Java System Web Server, allows remote attackers to bypass HTTP request filtering, hijack web sessions, perform cross-site scripting (XSS), and poison web caches via unspecified attack vectors. |