`CVE-2026-41635` Apache MINA

Affected software	Apache MINA
Severity	9.8 Critical CVSS 3.1
Fixed in	`2.0.28`, `2.1.11`, `2.2.6`
Weakness	Deserialization of untrusted data (CWE-502)
Published	27 Apr 2026
Updated	26 Oct 2026

Description

Apache MINA's AbstractIoBuffer.resolveClass() contains two branches, one of them (for static classes or primitive types) does not check the class at all, bypassing the classname allowlist and allowing arbitrary code to be executed. The fix checks if the class is present in the accepted class filter before calling Class.forName(). Affected versions are Apache MINA 2.0.0 <= 2.0.27, 2.1.0 <= 2.1.10, and 2.2.0 <= 2.2.5. The problem is resolved in Apache MINA 2.0.28, 2.1.11, and 2.2.6 by applying the classname allowlist earlier. Affected are applications using Apache MINA that call IoBuffer.getObject(). Applications using Apache MINA are advised to upgrade.

Exploitation status

No public exploit

No exploit has been reported in the sources we check.

CISA KEV not listed
VulnCheck KEV not listed
CISA Vulnrichment exploitation: none
Indexed PoC none indexed
EPSS 0.62% chance in 30 days

Waratek protection

Protected by Waratek

Waratek has a rule that blocks attacks on this vulnerability.

Protection full Deserialization, Process
Action available security rule
Review automated AI triage
Record active

Decided by	A researcher's recorded decision for this specific CVE
Finding	An AI triage run found this CVE protected by the Marshal RCE rule, ARMR Process rule.

Decided by

A researcher's recorded decision for this specific CVE

Finding

An AI triage run found this CVE protected by the Marshal RCE rule, ARMR Process rule.

Waratek research note

written 2026-11-13

Written by a Waratek engineer who reviewed this CVE. Their decision sets the status above, ahead of every automated rule except a withdrawal.

Comments

Rule Name: Marshal RCE rule, ARMR Process rule

Native-deserialization RCE through a class allowlist bypass in AbstractIoBuffer.getObject(). Marshal deserialize(java)+rce() intercepts ObjectInputStream.readObject() on the network bytes, and the Process rule (with /bin/* and /usr/* in execute()) blocks any program the booby-trapped object tries to start.

How to mitigate CVE-2026-41635

Upgrade Apache MINA to a release that fixes it: 2.0.28, 2.1.11 or 2.2.6. Until you can, Waratek RASP blocks exploitation with its deserialization and process rules. It runs inside the Java application, with no code changes.

Waratek RASP Runtime protection for Java applications

Affected software and releases

Oracle advisories

Advisory	Type	Quarter	Products Oracle names in its risk matrix
Oracle Critical Patch Update October 2026 ↗	CPU	2026-Q4	Oracle Fusion Middleware / MFT Runtime Server (Apache Mina) (12.2.1.4.0)
Oracle Critical Patch Update July 2026 ↗	CPU	2026-Q3	Oracle Fusion Middleware / Centralized Thirdparty Jars (Apache Mina) (15.1.1.0.0) Oracle Fusion Middleware / Third Party (Apache Mina) (12.2.1.4.0, 14.1.2.0.0)
Oracle Critical Security Patch Update September 2026 ↗	CSPU	2026-Q3	Oracle Enterprise Manager / Agent Next Gen (Apache Mina) (13.5, 24.1)

Advisory

Type

Quarter

Products Oracle names in its risk matrix

Oracle Critical Patch Update October 2026 ↗

CPU

2026-Q4

Oracle Fusion Middleware / MFT Runtime Server (Apache Mina) (12.2.1.4.0)

Oracle Critical Patch Update July 2026 ↗

CPU

2026-Q3

Oracle Fusion Middleware / Centralized Thirdparty Jars (Apache Mina) (15.1.1.0.0)
Oracle Fusion Middleware / Third Party (Apache Mina) (12.2.1.4.0, 14.1.2.0.0)

Oracle Critical Security Patch Update September 2026 ↗

CSPU

2026-Q3

Oracle Enterprise Manager / Agent Next Gen (Apache Mina) (13.5, 24.1)

Oracle components and versions

Family	Component	Versions, as Oracle lists them	Read as
Oracle Enterprise Manager	Agent Next Gen (Apache Mina)	13.5, 24.1	13.5 · 24.1
Oracle Fusion Middleware	Centralized Thirdparty Jars (Apache Mina)	15.1.1.0.0	15.1.1.0.0
Oracle Fusion Middleware	MFT Runtime Server (Apache Mina)	12.2.1.4.0	12.2.1.4.0
Oracle Fusion Middleware	Third Party (Apache Mina)	12.2.1.4.0, 14.1.2.0.0	12.2.1.4.0 · 14.1.2.0.0

Family

Component

Versions, as Oracle lists them

Read as

Oracle Enterprise Manager

Agent Next Gen (Apache Mina)

13.5, 24.1

13.5 · 24.1

Oracle Fusion Middleware

Centralized Thirdparty Jars (Apache Mina)

15.1.1.0.0

Oracle Fusion Middleware

MFT Runtime Server (Apache Mina)

12.2.1.4.0

Oracle Fusion Middleware

Third Party (Apache Mina)

12.2.1.4.0, 14.1.2.0.0

12.2.1.4.0 · 14.1.2.0.0

Maven packages

Affected and fixed versions, from OSV.dev

Package Introduced Fixed Last affected

org.apache.mina:mina-core 2.0.0 2.0.28 unbounded

org.apache.mina:mina-core 2.1.0 2.1.11 unbounded

org.apache.mina:mina-core 2.2.0 2.2.6 unbounded

Package	Introduced	Fixed	Last affected
`org.apache.mina:mina-core`	2.0.0	`2.0.28`	unbounded
`org.apache.mina:mina-core`	2.1.0	`2.1.11`	unbounded
`org.apache.mina:mina-core`	2.2.0	`2.2.6`	unbounded

Products and versions

2 products, 6 version entries

Source	Vendor	Product	Scheme	Affected versions
nvd	apache	mina	generic	≥ 2.0.0 and ＜ 2.0.28 · ≥ 2.1.0 and ＜ 2.1.11 · ≥ 2.2.0 and ＜ 2.2.6
osv	org.apache.mina	mina-core	generic	≥ 2.0.0 and ＜ 2.0.28 · ≥ 2.1.0 and ＜ 2.1.11 · ≥ 2.2.0 and ＜ 2.2.6

Source

Vendor

Product

Scheme

Affected versions

nvd

apache

mina

generic

≥ 2.0.0 and ＜ 2.0.28 · ≥ 2.1.0 and ＜ 2.1.11 · ≥ 2.2.0 and ＜ 2.2.6

osv

org.apache.mina

mina-core

generic

≥ 2.0.0 and ＜ 2.0.28 · ≥ 2.1.0 and ＜ 2.1.11 · ≥ 2.2.0 and ＜ 2.2.6

References

URL	Tags
https://github.com/apache/mina	PACKAGE
https://lists.apache.org/thread/1l91w1mqsb3lwfd504fs045ylxntt2tm	WEB
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/27/4	WEB

URL

Timeline

Published	2026-04-27	By the CVE Program.
Last VRT activity	2026-10-21	Most recent commit touching this CVE's classification, patch or rule file.
NVD record modified	2026-10-26	NVD's own last-modified date for this record.
Classification created	2026-11-13	First commit adding this CVE's research note.

Published

2026-04-27

By the CVE Program.

Last VRT activity

2026-10-21

Most recent commit touching this CVE's classification, patch or rule file.

NVD record modified

2026-10-26

NVD's own last-modified date for this record.

Classification created

2026-11-13

First commit adding this CVE's research note.

How VRT decided (4 of 24 rules ran)

4 of 24 rules ran. The rest didn't run because an earlier rule had already settled the CVE.

# Rule Outcome Status Detail

identity: Does this identifier describe a vulnerability at all? the first rule that matches decides

1 rejected no match CVE Program withdrawal of this identifier

scope: Is it a vulnerability Waratek protects? the first rule that matches decides

2 armr-patch-file no match An ARMR patch file on disk for this CVE

3 armr-secure-rule-file no match An ARMR security-rule template on disk for this CVE

4 manual-classification decided it matched Protected by Waratek An AI triage run found this CVE protected by the Marshal RCE rule, ARMR Process rule.

5 manual classification not reached Manual classification of this CVE in the legacy dataset

6 non-java-upstream not reached A root cause in non-Java code: an OS kernel, a C library, or a bundled runtime

7 oracle-component not reached The defect being in a component of a tracked product the agent does not reach: JavaFX, the Java SE installer, the JInitiator browser plug-in, the native WebLogic proxy plug-in, or a native part of Oracle Application Server or Collaboration Suite (HTTP Server, Web Cache, Internet Directory, mail and calendar servers). Oracle gives these no CPE of their own and names them only in the description.

8 java-client-side not reached Oracle's own risk-matrix note saying the CVE is reached only through untrusted code in the Java sandbox (applets, Web Start) or only through a client installation of Java, so a server running its own trusted code is not exposed

9 osv-maven not reached An OSV.dev record of this CVE affecting a package published to Maven Central. When every such package is one business applications do not use (Minecraft mods and launchers, Fastjson) and no tracked product is named by CPE, it settles the CVE as Outside Waratek scope instead

10 cna-maven-package not reached An affected Maven artifact named by the CNA itself

11 known-cpe-product not reached An NVD CPE naming a product ARMR tracks

12 cna-cpe-product not reached A CPE the CNA published naming a tracked product. Oracle publishes these on advisory day, months before NVD.

13 oracle-advisory-family not reached A tracked product family named in Oracle's own risk matrix. CPE cannot carry a suite name, only a module.

14 cna-named-product not reached A tracked product named in words by the CVE's own CNA, on a record with no CPE yet. Apache and Eclipse publish these on advisory day, before NVD adds CPE data.

15 non-deployable-product not reached The only affected product being a sealed appliance image, where Java runs but no -javaagent can be attached

16 unmatched-product not reached No tracked product matched above, and none present at all

disposition: What do we do about one that is? every rule runs

17 patch-hint not reached A reference pointing at the upstream fix: a commit, a PR, a Red Hat bug

18 open-source-maven not reached The affected package being open source on Maven, so the fix can be read

19 poc-derivable not reached An indexed exploit clearing the evidence bar to reverse-engineer, where there is no source to read

20 no-exploit not reached Nothing to build a rule from yet: no published exploit, no CISA record of exploitation and no source-level change to read

21 secure-rule-match not reached A vulnerability class already blocked by an ARMR security rule

22 exploited-no-fix-or-poc not reached Somebody exploiting this CVE (a CISA or VulnCheck KEV listing, or a CISA verdict of active exploitation), with no fix, source code or PoC to build a rule from

23 below-action-threshold not reached Medium or Low severity, no CISA or VulnCheck KEV listing, no PoC clearing the evidence bar, no CISA verdict, no Oracle advisory

24 no-exploit-published not reached Exploit code for this candidate, published in a reviewed catalogue or a GitHub repository with 5 or more stars, or in use per CISA or VulnCheck; not only a CISA verdict, a forecast, or nothing at all

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