`CVE-2025-5605`

Affected software	7 products, listed below
Severity	5.3 Medium CVSS 3.1 2 scores
Weakness	CWE-290
Published	24 Oct 2025
Updated	17 Jun 2026

Description

An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in the Management Console of multiple WSO2 products. A malicious actor with access to the console can manipulate the request URI to bypass authentication and access certain restricted resources, resulting in partial information disclosure. The known exposure from this issue is limited to memory statistics. While the vulnerability does not allow full account compromise, it still enables unauthorized access to internal system details.

Exploitation status

Exploited

Real-world exploitation reported by VulnCheck KEV. CISA has not confirmed it.

CISA KEV not listed
VulnCheck KEV listed Exploitation reported in the wild. 1 citation · honeypot sightings · earliest 2025-11-28.
CISA Vulnrichment exploitation: none
Indexed PoC 1 indexed Published artifacts you can open, in Nuclei.
EPSS 0.85% chance in 30 days

VulnCheck KEV

Exploitation evidence from VulnCheck Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (VulnCheck KEV), used under VulnCheck's community terms. View CVE-2025-5605 in VulnCheck (free account).

Evidence	Source	Detail	Date
Honeypot sighting	Shadowserver honeypots	Exploitation attempts seen on 70 days	2025-12-14 to 2026-11-04
Reported exploitation	app.crowdsec.net	/cti/cve-explorer/CVE-2025-5605	2025-11-28

Evidence

Source

Detail

Date

Honeypot sighting

Shadowserver honeypots

Exploitation attempts seen on 70 days

2025-12-14 to 2026-11-04

Reported exploitation

app.crowdsec.net

/cti/cve-explorer/CVE-2025-5605

2025-11-28

Index	Artifact	Stars	First seen
Nuclei	WSO2 Management Console - Authentication Bypass

Index

Artifact

Stars

First seen

Nuclei

WSO2 Management Console - Authentication Bypass

Waratek protection

Mitigation candidate

A kind of vulnerability Waratek's rules address, with exploit code published or exploitation reported. No rule exists and none is planned yet. The decision below says what we found to build a rule from.

Protection none
Action unverified
Review automated Inferred
Record active

Decided by	An indexed exploit clearing the evidence bar to reverse-engineer, where there is no source to read
Finding	Mitigation candidate: 1 public proof-of-concept exploit(s) are indexed for this CVE (nuclei), but the affected code is not open source. That makes an ARMR patch rule a candidate rather than a plan. The exploit gives a reproducible entry point to trace inward from and a test to validate a hook against, which is what makes reverse engineering tractable at all. No rule exists and none is scheduled: the hook point must be recovered by decompiling the affected code, and a closer look may find none that ARMR can act on.

Decided by

An indexed exploit clearing the evidence bar to reverse-engineer, where there is no source to read

Finding

Mitigation candidate: 1 public proof-of-concept exploit(s) are indexed for this CVE (nuclei), but the affected code is not open source. That makes an ARMR patch rule a candidate rather than a plan. The exploit gives a reproducible entry point to trace inward from and a test to validate a hook against, which is what makes reverse engineering tractable at all. No rule exists and none is scheduled: the hook point must be recovered by decompiling the affected code, and a closer look may find none that ARMR can act on.

CVSS

5.3 MEDIUM v3.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N 2 metrics

We show the highest score from the newest CVSS version. Scores from different versions can't be compared, and the first score listed is sometimes a 0.0 placeholder.

Version Score Band Vector Assigner Type

CVSS 3.1 5.3 MEDIUM CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N NVD Primary published

CVSS 3.1 4.3 MEDIUM CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N WSO2 Secondary

Version	Score	Band	Vector	Assigner	Type
CVSS 3.1	5.3	MEDIUM	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N`	NVD	Primary	published
CVSS 3.1	4.3	MEDIUM	`CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N`	WSO2	Secondary

Affected software and releases

Products and versions

9 products, 22 version entries

Source	Vendor	Product	Scheme	Affected versions
nvd	wso2	api control plane	generic	4.5.0
nvd	wso2	api manager	generic	3.1.0 · 3.2.0 · 3.2.1 · 4.0.0 · 4.1.0 · 4.2.0 · 4.3.0 · 4.4.0 · 4.5.0
nvd	wso2	enterprise integrator	generic	6.6.0
nvd	wso2	identity server	generic	5.10.0 · 5.11.0 · 6.0.0 · 6.1.0 · 7.0.0 · 7.1.0
nvd	wso2	identity server as key manager	generic	5.10.0
nvd	wso2	open banking am	generic	2.0.0
nvd	wso2	open banking iam	generic	2.0.0
nvd	wso2	traffic manager	generic	4.5.0
nvd	wso2	universal gateway	generic	4.5.0

Source

Vendor

Product

Scheme

Affected versions

nvd

wso2

api control plane

generic

4.5.0

nvd

wso2

api manager

generic

3.1.0 · 3.2.0 · 3.2.1 · 4.0.0 · 4.1.0 · 4.2.0 · 4.3.0 · 4.4.0 · 4.5.0

nvd

wso2

enterprise integrator

generic

6.6.0

nvd

wso2

identity server

generic

5.10.0 · 5.11.0 · 6.0.0 · 6.1.0 · 7.0.0 · 7.1.0

nvd

wso2

identity server as key manager

generic

5.10.0

nvd

wso2

open banking am

generic

2.0.0

nvd

wso2

open banking iam

generic

2.0.0

nvd

wso2

traffic manager

generic

4.5.0

nvd

wso2

universal gateway

generic

4.5.0

References

URL	Tags
https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2025/WSO2-2025-4115/	Vendor Advisory

URL

Timeline

Published	2025-10-24	By the CVE Program.
VulnCheck KEV: earliest evidence	2025-11-28	Date of the oldest evidence of exploitation in VulnCheck KEV's record. VulnCheck does not publish the date it listed the CVE.
NVD record modified	2026-06-17	NVD's own last-modified date for this record.
VulnCheck KEV: latest evidence	2026-11-04	Date of the newest report, exploit reference or honeypot sighting in VulnCheck KEV's record.

Published

2025-10-24

By the CVE Program.

VulnCheck KEV: earliest evidence

2025-11-28

Date of the oldest evidence of exploitation in VulnCheck KEV's record. VulnCheck does not publish the date it listed the CVE.

NVD record modified

2026-06-17

NVD's own last-modified date for this record.

VulnCheck KEV: latest evidence

2026-11-04

Date of the newest report, exploit reference or honeypot sighting in VulnCheck KEV's record.

How VRT decided (18 of 24 rules ran)

18 of 24 rules ran. The rest didn't run because an earlier rule had already settled the CVE.

# Rule Outcome Status Detail

identity: Does this identifier describe a vulnerability at all? the first rule that matches decides

1 rejected no match CVE Program withdrawal of this identifier

scope: Is it a vulnerability Waratek protects? the first rule that matches decides

2 armr-patch-file no match An ARMR patch file on disk for this CVE

3 armr-secure-rule-file no match An ARMR security-rule template on disk for this CVE

4 manual-classification no match A researcher's recorded decision for this specific CVE

5 manual classification no match Manual classification of this CVE in the legacy dataset

6 non-java-upstream no match A root cause in non-Java code: an OS kernel, a C library, or a bundled runtime

7 oracle-component no match The defect being in a component of a tracked product the agent does not reach: JavaFX, the Java SE installer, the JInitiator browser plug-in, the native WebLogic proxy plug-in, or a native part of Oracle Application Server or Collaboration Suite (HTTP Server, Web Cache, Internet Directory, mail and calendar servers). Oracle gives these no CPE of their own and names them only in the description.

8 java-client-side no match Oracle's own risk-matrix note saying the CVE is reached only through untrusted code in the Java sandbox (applets, Web Start) or only through a client installation of Java, so a server running its own trusted code is not exposed

9 osv-maven no match An OSV.dev record of this CVE affecting a package published to Maven Central. When every such package is one business applications do not use (Minecraft mods and launchers, Fastjson) and no tracked product is named by CPE, it settles the CVE as Outside Waratek scope instead

10 cna-maven-package matched In scope CNA declares the affected component is a Maven artifact

11 known-cpe-product not reached An NVD CPE naming a product ARMR tracks

12 cna-cpe-product not reached A CPE the CNA published naming a tracked product. Oracle publishes these on advisory day, months before NVD.

13 oracle-advisory-family not reached A tracked product family named in Oracle's own risk matrix. CPE cannot carry a suite name, only a module.

14 cna-named-product not reached A tracked product named in words by the CVE's own CNA, on a record with no CPE yet. Apache and Eclipse publish these on advisory day, before NVD adds CPE data.

15 non-deployable-product not reached The only affected product being a sealed appliance image, where Java runs but no -javaagent can be attached

16 unmatched-product not reached No tracked product matched above, and none present at all

disposition: What do we do about one that is? every rule runs

17 patch-hint no match A reference pointing at the upstream fix: a commit, a PR, a Red Hat bug

18 open-source-maven no match The affected package being open source on Maven, so the fix can be read

19 poc-derivable decided it matched Mitigation candidate 1 public PoC(s) indexed in nuclei, with no public source. The exploit is a starting point for deriving an ARMR patch rule by reverse engineering; nothing here establishes a hook point exists.

20 no-exploit skipped Nothing to build a rule from yet: no published exploit, no CISA record of exploitation and no source-level change to read

21 secure-rule-match no match A vulnerability class already blocked by an ARMR security rule

22 exploited-no-fix-or-poc skipped Somebody exploiting this CVE (a CISA or VulnCheck KEV listing, or a CISA verdict of active exploitation), with no fix, source code or PoC to build a rule from

23 below-action-threshold withheld VulnCheck KEV-listed (1 written report(s), earliest 2025-11-28; seen by Shadowserver honeypots on 70 day(s) from 2025-12-14 to 2026-11-04) — exploitation is reported, so it requires review regardless of severity

24 no-exploit-published no match A CISA or VulnCheck KEV listing, a CISA verdict of active exploitation, a reviewed exploit catalogue, or a GitHub PoC with 5 or more stars carries this CVE — exploit code is in use or published, so it stays a candidate

Products the scope rules checked

The products this CVE's record names, and whether VRT tracks each one. The scope rules decided on these.

Vendor Product Tracked CPE Source

wso2 api_control_plane not tracked cpe:2.3:a:wso2:api_control_plane:4.5.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*

wso2 api_manager not tracked cpe:2.3:a:wso2:api_manager:3.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

wso2 enterprise_integrator not tracked cpe:2.3:a:wso2:enterprise_integrator:6.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

wso2 identity_server not tracked cpe:2.3:a:wso2:identity_server:5.10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

wso2 identity_server_as_key_manager not tracked cpe:2.3:a:wso2:identity_server_as_key_manager:5.10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

wso2 open_banking_am not tracked cpe:2.3:a:wso2:open_banking_am:2.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

wso2 open_banking_iam not tracked cpe:2.3:a:wso2:open_banking_iam:2.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

wso2 traffic_manager not tracked cpe:2.3:a:wso2:traffic_manager:4.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

wso2 universal_gateway not tracked cpe:2.3:a:wso2:universal_gateway:4.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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