`CVE-2025-4581` Liferay Portal

Affected software	Liferay Portal
Severity	5.3 Medium CVSS 4.0 2 scores
Fixed in	`2025.Q1.5`, `2024.Q1.16`
Weakness	Server-side request forgery (CWE-918)
Published	9 Aug 2025
Updated	13 Nov 2026

Description

Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.132, and Liferay DXP 2025.Q1.0 through 2025.Q1.4 ,2024.Q4.0 through 2024.Q4.7, 2024.Q3.1 through 2024.Q3.13, 2024.Q2.0 through 2024.Q2.13, 2024.Q1.1 through 2024.Q1.15, 7.4 GA through update 92 allows a pre-authentication blind SSRF vulnerability in the portal-settings-authentication-opensso-web due to improper validation of user-supplied URLs. An attacker can exploit this issue to force the server to make arbitrary HTTP requests to internal systems, potentially leading to internal network enumeration or further exploitation.

Exploitation status

Exploited

Real-world exploitation reported by VulnCheck KEV. CISA has not confirmed it.

CISA KEV not listed
VulnCheck KEV listed Exploitation reported in the wild. 1 citation · honeypot sightings · earliest 2025-07-13.
CISA Vulnrichment exploitation: none
Indexed PoC none indexed
EPSS 0.49% chance in 30 days

VulnCheck KEV

Exploitation evidence from VulnCheck Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (VulnCheck KEV), used under VulnCheck's community terms. View CVE-2025-4581 in VulnCheck (free account).

Evidence	Source	Detail	Date
Honeypot sighting	SANS DShield sensors	Exploitation attempts seen on 1 day	2025-07-13
Reported exploitation	isc.sans.edu	/diary/rss/32506	2025-11-20

Evidence

Source

Detail

Date

Honeypot sighting

SANS DShield sensors

Exploitation attempts seen on 1 day

2025-07-13

Reported exploitation

isc.sans.edu

/diary/rss/32506

2025-11-20

Waratek protection

Rule in development

Waratek is working on a rule for this CVE. No rule is available yet, and it isn't certain the rule will work.

Current target: Q2 2027 (may change)

Protection none
Action in development patch rule; current target Q2 2027, may change
Review human Researcher
Record active

Decided by	A researcher's recorded decision for this specific CVE
Finding	A researcher set this CVE's status to Rule in development, naming the ARMR SSRF rule (in development).

Decided by

A researcher's recorded decision for this specific CVE

Finding

A researcher set this CVE's status to Rule in development, naming the ARMR SSRF rule (in development).

Waratek research note

written 2026-11-13

Written by a Waratek engineer who reviewed this CVE. Their decision sets the status above, ahead of every automated rule except a withdrawal.

Comments

Rule Name: SSRF rule (in development)

Pre-auth blind SSRF: OpenSSOImpl.isValidUrl() opens an HttpURLConnection to an attacker-chosen URL. An SSRF rule in development is meant to block it, but it has not shipped. Until it does, protection is partial: a Socket rule allowing only the OpenSSO server and Liferay's real destinations, with the DNS rule, limits where the server can connect, but hosts left on that list can still be probed.

CVSS

5.3 MEDIUM v4.0

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

2 metrics

We show the highest score from the newest CVSS version. Scores from different versions can't be compared, and the first score listed is sometimes a 0.0 placeholder.

Version Score Band Vector Assigner Type

CVSS 4.0 5.3 MEDIUM CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X security@liferay.com Secondary published

CVSS 3.1 8.6 HIGH CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N NVD Primary

Version	Score	Band	Vector	Assigner	Type
CVSS 4.0	5.3	MEDIUM	`CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X`	security@liferay.com	Secondary	published
CVSS 3.1	8.6	HIGH	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N`	NVD	Primary

Affected software and releases

Maven packages

Affected and fixed versions, from OSV.dev

Package Introduced Fixed Last affected

com.liferay.portal:release.portal.bom 7.4.0 none 7.4.3.132

com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom 2025.Q1.0 2025.Q1.5 unbounded

com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom 2024.Q4.0 none 2024.Q4.7

com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom 2024.Q3.1 none 2024.Q3.13

com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom 2024.Q2.0 none 2024.Q2.13

com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom 2024.Q1.0 2024.Q1.16 unbounded

com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom 0 none 7.4.13.u92

Package	Introduced	Fixed	Last affected
`com.liferay.portal:release.portal.bom`	7.4.0	none	7.4.3.132
`com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom`	2025.Q1.0	`2025.Q1.5`	unbounded
`com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom`	2024.Q4.0	none	2024.Q4.7
`com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom`	2024.Q3.1	none	2024.Q3.13
`com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom`	2024.Q2.0	none	2024.Q2.13
`com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom`	2024.Q1.0	`2024.Q1.16`	unbounded
`com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom`	0	none	7.4.13.u92

Products and versions

4 products, 14 version entries

Source	Vendor	Product	Scheme	Affected versions
osv	com.liferay.portal	release.dxp.bom	generic	≤ 7.4.13.92 · ≥ 2024.1.0 and ＜ 2024.1.16 · ≥ 2024.2.0 and ≤ 2024.2.13 · ≥ 2024.3.1 and ≤ 2024.3.13 · ≥ 2024.4.0 and ≤ 2024.4.7 · ≥ 2025.1.0 and ＜ 2025.1.5
osv	com.liferay.portal	release.portal.bom	generic	≥ 7.4.0 and ≤ 7.4.3.132
nvd	liferay	digital experience platform	generic	7.4 · ≥ 2024.1.1 and ≤ 2024.1.15 · ≥ 2024.2.0 and ≤ 2024.2.13 · ≥ 2024.3.1 and ≤ 2024.3.13 · ≥ 2024.4.0 and ≤ 2024.4.7 · ≥ 2025.1.0 and ≤ 2025.1.4
nvd	liferay	liferay portal	generic	≥ 7.4.0 and ≤ 7.4.3.132

Source

Vendor

Product

Scheme

Affected versions

osv

com.liferay.portal

release.dxp.bom

generic

≤ 7.4.13.92 · ≥ 2024.1.0 and ＜ 2024.1.16 · ≥ 2024.2.0 and ≤ 2024.2.13 · ≥ 2024.3.1 and ≤ 2024.3.13 · ≥ 2024.4.0 and ≤ 2024.4.7 · ≥ 2025.1.0 and ＜ 2025.1.5

osv

com.liferay.portal

release.portal.bom

generic

≥ 7.4.0 and ≤ 7.4.3.132

nvd

liferay

digital experience platform

generic

7.4 · ≥ 2024.1.1 and ≤ 2024.1.15 · ≥ 2024.2.0 and ≤ 2024.2.13 · ≥ 2024.3.1 and ≤ 2024.3.13 · ≥ 2024.4.0 and ≤ 2024.4.7 · ≥ 2025.1.0 and ≤ 2025.1.4

nvd

liferay

liferay portal

generic

≥ 7.4.0 and ≤ 7.4.3.132

References

URL	Tags
https://github.com/liferay/liferay-portal	PACKAGE
https://liferay.dev/portal/security/known-vulnerabilities/-/asset_publisher/jekt/content/CVE-2025-4581	WEB

URL

Timeline

VulnCheck KEV: earliest evidence	2025-07-13	Date of the oldest evidence of exploitation in VulnCheck KEV's record. VulnCheck does not publish the date it listed the CVE.
Published	2025-08-09	By the CVE Program.
VulnCheck KEV: latest evidence	2025-11-20	Date of the newest report, exploit reference or honeypot sighting in VulnCheck KEV's record.
NVD record modified	2026-06-17	NVD's own last-modified date for this record.
Classification created	2026-11-13	First commit adding this CVE's research note.
Last VRT activity	2026-11-13	Most recent commit touching this CVE's classification, patch or rule file.

VulnCheck KEV: earliest evidence

2025-07-13

Date of the oldest evidence of exploitation in VulnCheck KEV's record. VulnCheck does not publish the date it listed the CVE.

Published

2025-08-09

By the CVE Program.

VulnCheck KEV: latest evidence

2025-11-20

Date of the newest report, exploit reference or honeypot sighting in VulnCheck KEV's record.

NVD record modified

2026-06-17

NVD's own last-modified date for this record.

Classification created

2026-11-13

First commit adding this CVE's research note.

Last VRT activity

2026-11-13

Most recent commit touching this CVE's classification, patch or rule file.

How VRT decided (4 of 24 rules ran)

4 of 24 rules ran. The rest didn't run because an earlier rule had already settled the CVE.

# Rule Outcome Status Detail

identity: Does this identifier describe a vulnerability at all? the first rule that matches decides

1 rejected no match CVE Program withdrawal of this identifier

scope: Is it a vulnerability Waratek protects? the first rule that matches decides

2 armr-patch-file no match An ARMR patch file on disk for this CVE

3 armr-secure-rule-file no match An ARMR security-rule template on disk for this CVE

4 manual-classification decided it matched Rule in development A researcher set this CVE's status to Rule in development, naming the ARMR SSRF rule (in development).

5 manual classification not reached Manual classification of this CVE in the legacy dataset

6 non-java-upstream not reached A root cause in non-Java code: an OS kernel, a C library, or a bundled runtime

7 oracle-component not reached The defect being in a component of a tracked product the agent does not reach: JavaFX, the Java SE installer, the JInitiator browser plug-in, the native WebLogic proxy plug-in, or a native part of Oracle Application Server or Collaboration Suite (HTTP Server, Web Cache, Internet Directory, mail and calendar servers). Oracle gives these no CPE of their own and names them only in the description.

8 java-client-side not reached Oracle's own risk-matrix note saying the CVE is reached only through untrusted code in the Java sandbox (applets, Web Start) or only through a client installation of Java, so a server running its own trusted code is not exposed

9 osv-maven not reached An OSV.dev record of this CVE affecting a package published to Maven Central. When every such package is one business applications do not use (Minecraft mods and launchers, Fastjson) and no tracked product is named by CPE, it settles the CVE as Outside Waratek scope instead

10 cna-maven-package not reached An affected Maven artifact named by the CNA itself

11 known-cpe-product not reached An NVD CPE naming a product ARMR tracks

12 cna-cpe-product not reached A CPE the CNA published naming a tracked product. Oracle publishes these on advisory day, months before NVD.

13 oracle-advisory-family not reached A tracked product family named in Oracle's own risk matrix. CPE cannot carry a suite name, only a module.

14 cna-named-product not reached A tracked product named in words by the CVE's own CNA, on a record with no CPE yet. Apache and Eclipse publish these on advisory day, before NVD adds CPE data.

15 non-deployable-product not reached The only affected product being a sealed appliance image, where Java runs but no -javaagent can be attached

16 unmatched-product not reached No tracked product matched above, and none present at all

disposition: What do we do about one that is? every rule runs

17 patch-hint not reached A reference pointing at the upstream fix: a commit, a PR, a Red Hat bug

18 open-source-maven not reached The affected package being open source on Maven, so the fix can be read

19 poc-derivable not reached An indexed exploit clearing the evidence bar to reverse-engineer, where there is no source to read

20 no-exploit not reached Nothing to build a rule from yet: no published exploit, no CISA record of exploitation and no source-level change to read

21 secure-rule-match not reached A vulnerability class already blocked by an ARMR security rule

22 exploited-no-fix-or-poc not reached Somebody exploiting this CVE (a CISA or VulnCheck KEV listing, or a CISA verdict of active exploitation), with no fix, source code or PoC to build a rule from

23 below-action-threshold not reached Medium or Low severity, no CISA or VulnCheck KEV listing, no PoC clearing the evidence bar, no CISA verdict, no Oracle advisory

24 no-exploit-published not reached Exploit code for this candidate, published in a reviewed catalogue or a GitHub repository with 5 or more stars, or in use per CISA or VulnCheck; not only a CISA verdict, a forecast, or nothing at all

NVD ↗ · CVE.org ↗