`CVE-2025-0411` 7-Zip

Affected software	7-Zip
Severity	7.0 High CVSS 3.1 2 scores
Weakness	CWE-693
Published	25 Jan 2025
Updated	17 Jun 2026

Description

7-Zip Mark-of-the-Web Bypass Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to bypass the Mark-of-the-Web protection mechanism on affected installations of 7-Zip. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of archived files. When extracting files from a crafted archive that bears the Mark-of-the-Web, 7-Zip does not propagate the Mark-of-the-Web to the extracted files. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user. Was ZDI-CAN-25456.

Exploitation status

Exploited

Confirmed real-world exploitation.

CISA KEV listed Confirmed exploitation in the wild. Added 2025-02-06 · remediation due 2025-02-27 · ransomware use: unknown
VulnCheck KEV listed Exploitation reported in the wild. 10 citations · 3 exploits · earliest 2025-02-04.
CISA Vulnrichment exploitation: active CISA records active exploitation. Automatable: no, technical impact: total.
Indexed PoC 6 indexed Published artifacts you can open, in GitHub PoC; first seen 2025-01-22.
EPSS 48% chance in 30 days A model's forecast, not a report of exploitation. Higher than 99% of all scored CVEs.

VulnCheck KEV

Exploitation evidence from VulnCheck Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (VulnCheck KEV), used under VulnCheck's community terms. View CVE-2025-0411 in VulnCheck (free account), which lists 5 more citations not shown here.

Evidence	Source	Detail	Date
Reported exploitation	trendmicro.com	/en_us/research/25/a/cve-2025-0411-ukrainian-organizations-targeted.html	2025-02-04
Reported exploitation	cisa.gov	/sites/default/files/feeds/known_exploited_vulnerabilities.json	2025-02-06
Reported exploitation	isc.sans.edu	/diary/Reminder%3A%207-Zip%20%26%20MoW/31668	2025-02-10
Reported exploitation	asec.ahnlab.com	/ko/87042	2025-03-27
Reported exploitation	ics-cert.kaspersky.com	/media/Kaspersky-ICS-CERT-APT-and-financial-attacks-on-industrial-organizations-in-Q1-2025-En.pdf	2025-06-19
Exploit reference	VulnCheck XDB 379529f376bf	Exploit type: client-side	2025-02-19
Exploit reference	VulnCheck XDB 7259dd836b0b	Exploit type: client-side	2025-05-11
Exploit reference	VulnCheck XDB a3a465d273e1	Exploit type: client-side	2026-10-13

Evidence

Source

Detail

Date

Reported exploitation

trendmicro.com

/en_us/research/25/a/cve-2025-0411-ukrainian-organizations-targeted.html

2025-02-04

Reported exploitation

cisa.gov

/sites/default/files/feeds/known_exploited_vulnerabilities.json

2025-02-06

Reported exploitation

isc.sans.edu

/diary/Reminder%3A%207-Zip%20%26%20MoW/31668

2025-02-10

Reported exploitation

asec.ahnlab.com

/ko/87042

2025-03-27

Reported exploitation

ics-cert.kaspersky.com

/media/Kaspersky-ICS-CERT-APT-and-financial-attacks-on-industrial-organizations-in-Q1-2025-En.pdf

2025-06-19

Exploit reference

VulnCheck XDB 379529f376bf

Exploit type: client-side

2025-02-19

Exploit reference

VulnCheck XDB 7259dd836b0b

Exploit type: client-side

2025-05-11

Exploit reference

VulnCheck XDB a3a465d273e1

Exploit type: client-side

2026-10-13

5 of these are GitHub repositories with fewer than 5 stars. They are listed for reference and don't count toward the exploitation status above.

Index	Artifact	Stars	First seen
GitHub PoC	This repository contains POC scenarios as part of CVE-2025-0411 MotW bypass.	154	2025-01-22
GitHub PoC	c4bsec/7-Zip-CVE-2025-0411-POC	2	2025-02-23
GitHub PoC	ishwardeepp/CVE-2025-0411-MoTW-PoC	1	2025-02-19
GitHub PoC	7-Zip Mark-of-the-Web绕过漏洞PoC(CVE-2025-0411)	1	2025-01-27
GitHub PoC	Rust Macros No Recoil Guide 🚀 Boost Aim Like a Pro in C and Python		2025-06-24
GitHub PoC	CVE-2025-0411 7-Zip Mark-of-the-Web Bypass		2025-05-11

Waratek protection

Outside Waratek scope

A Java vulnerability, but not one Waratek protects. It affects only Java on a user's desktop (applets, Web Start, JavaFX, the installer), sits in a product the Waratek agent can't be installed into, or is in a package we don't expect in business applications. The decision below says which.

Protection none
Action not pursued none
Review human Researcher
Record active

Decided by	Manual classification of this CVE in the legacy dataset
Finding	A manual classification set this CVE's status to Outside Waratek scope, but the CVE names a tracked product.

Decided by

Manual classification of this CVE in the legacy dataset

Finding

A manual classification set this CVE's status to Outside Waratek scope, but the CVE names a tracked product.

CVSS

7.0 HIGH v3.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H 2 metrics

We show the highest score from the newest CVSS version. Scores from different versions can't be compared, and the first score listed is sometimes a 0.0 placeholder.

Version Score Band Vector Assigner Type

CVSS 3.1 7.0 HIGH CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H NVD Primary published

CVSS 3.0 7.0 HIGH CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H zdi-disclosures@trendmicro.com Secondary

Version	Score	Band	Vector	Assigner	Type
CVSS 3.1	7.0	HIGH	`CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`	NVD	Primary	published
CVSS 3.0	7.0	HIGH	`CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`	zdi-disclosures@trendmicro.com	Secondary

Affected software and releases

Products and versions

2 products, 2 version entries

Source	Vendor	Product	Scheme	Affected versions
nvd	7-zip	7-zip	generic	＜ 24.9
nvd	netapp	active iq unified manager	generic	any version

Source

Vendor

Product

Scheme

Affected versions

nvd

7-zip

generic

＜ 24.9

nvd

netapp

active iq unified manager

generic

any version

References

URL	Tags
https://www.7-zip.org/history.txt
https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-045/	Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/01/24/6	Mailing List
https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250207-0005/	Third Party Advisory
https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-0411-7-zip-mitigation-vulnerability	Mitigation
https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-0411-detection-7-zip-vulnerability	Mitigation
https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-0411	US Government Resource

URL

Timeline

Published	2025-01-25	By the CVE Program.
VulnCheck KEV: earliest evidence	2025-02-04	Date of the oldest evidence of exploitation in VulnCheck KEV's record. VulnCheck does not publish the date it listed the CVE.
Added to CISA KEV	2025-02-06	Listed in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.
NVD record modified	2026-06-17	NVD's own last-modified date for this record.
VulnCheck KEV: latest evidence	2026-10-13	Date of the newest report, exploit reference or honeypot sighting in VulnCheck KEV's record.

Published

2025-01-25

By the CVE Program.

VulnCheck KEV: earliest evidence

2025-02-04

Date of the oldest evidence of exploitation in VulnCheck KEV's record. VulnCheck does not publish the date it listed the CVE.

Added to CISA KEV

2025-02-06

Listed in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

NVD record modified

2026-06-17

NVD's own last-modified date for this record.

VulnCheck KEV: latest evidence

2026-10-13

Date of the newest report, exploit reference or honeypot sighting in VulnCheck KEV's record.

How VRT decided (5 of 24 rules ran)

5 of 24 rules ran. The rest didn't run because an earlier rule had already settled the CVE.

# Rule Outcome Status Detail

identity: Does this identifier describe a vulnerability at all? the first rule that matches decides

1 rejected no match CVE Program withdrawal of this identifier

scope: Is it a vulnerability Waratek protects? the first rule that matches decides

2 armr-patch-file no match An ARMR patch file on disk for this CVE

3 armr-secure-rule-file no match An ARMR security-rule template on disk for this CVE

4 manual-classification no match A researcher's recorded decision for this specific CVE

5 manual classification decided it matched Outside Waratek scope Found in legacy manual classifications

6 non-java-upstream not reached A root cause in non-Java code: an OS kernel, a C library, or a bundled runtime

7 oracle-component not reached The defect being in a component of a tracked product the agent does not reach: JavaFX, the Java SE installer, the JInitiator browser plug-in, the native WebLogic proxy plug-in, or a native part of Oracle Application Server or Collaboration Suite (HTTP Server, Web Cache, Internet Directory, mail and calendar servers). Oracle gives these no CPE of their own and names them only in the description.

8 java-client-side not reached Oracle's own risk-matrix note saying the CVE is reached only through untrusted code in the Java sandbox (applets, Web Start) or only through a client installation of Java, so a server running its own trusted code is not exposed

9 osv-maven not reached An OSV.dev record of this CVE affecting a package published to Maven Central. When every such package is one business applications do not use (Minecraft mods and launchers, Fastjson) and no tracked product is named by CPE, it settles the CVE as Outside Waratek scope instead

10 cna-maven-package not reached An affected Maven artifact named by the CNA itself

11 known-cpe-product not reached An NVD CPE naming a product ARMR tracks

12 cna-cpe-product not reached A CPE the CNA published naming a tracked product. Oracle publishes these on advisory day, months before NVD.

13 oracle-advisory-family not reached A tracked product family named in Oracle's own risk matrix. CPE cannot carry a suite name, only a module.

14 cna-named-product not reached A tracked product named in words by the CVE's own CNA, on a record with no CPE yet. Apache and Eclipse publish these on advisory day, before NVD adds CPE data.

15 non-deployable-product not reached The only affected product being a sealed appliance image, where Java runs but no -javaagent can be attached

16 unmatched-product not reached No tracked product matched above, and none present at all

disposition: What do we do about one that is? every rule runs

17 patch-hint not reached A reference pointing at the upstream fix: a commit, a PR, a Red Hat bug

18 open-source-maven not reached The affected package being open source on Maven, so the fix can be read

19 poc-derivable not reached An indexed exploit clearing the evidence bar to reverse-engineer, where there is no source to read

20 no-exploit not reached Nothing to build a rule from yet: no published exploit, no CISA record of exploitation and no source-level change to read

21 secure-rule-match not reached A vulnerability class already blocked by an ARMR security rule

22 exploited-no-fix-or-poc not reached Somebody exploiting this CVE (a CISA or VulnCheck KEV listing, or a CISA verdict of active exploitation), with no fix, source code or PoC to build a rule from

23 below-action-threshold not reached Medium or Low severity, no CISA or VulnCheck KEV listing, no PoC clearing the evidence bar, no CISA verdict, no Oracle advisory

24 no-exploit-published not reached Exploit code for this candidate, published in a reviewed catalogue or a GitHub repository with 5 or more stars, or in use per CISA or VulnCheck; not only a CISA verdict, a forecast, or nothing at all

NVD ↗ · CVE.org ↗