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CVE-2024-53677 Apache Struts

Affected softwareApache Struts
Severity9.5 Critical CVSS 4.0 2 scores
Fixed in6.4.0
WeaknessUnrestricted file upload (CWE-434)
Published11 Dec 2024
Updated3 Nov 2026

Description

File upload logic in Apache Struts is flawed. An attacker can manipulate file upload params to enable paths traversal and under some circumstances this can lead to uploading a malicious file which can be used to perform Remote Code Execution. This issue affects Apache Struts: from 2.0.0 before 6.4.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 6.4.0 at least and migrate to the new file upload mechanism https://struts.apache.org/core-developers/file-upload . If you are not using an old file upload logic based on FileuploadInterceptor your application is safe. You can find more details in  https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/WW/S2-067

CWE-22 · Path traversalCWE-915

Exploitation status

Exploited

Real-world exploitation reported by VulnCheck KEV. CISA has not confirmed it.

  • CISA KEV not listed
  • VulnCheck KEV listed Exploitation reported in the wild. 2 citations · honeypot sightings · 15 exploits · earliest 2024-12-15.
  • CISA Vulnrichment exploitation: poc CISA recorded that an exploit has been demonstrated. Automatable: no, technical impact: total.
  • Indexed PoC 15 indexed Published artifacts you can open, in GitHub PoC; first seen 2024-12-12.
  • EPSS 72% chance in 30 days A model's forecast, not a report of exploitation. Higher than 99% of all scored CVEs.

VulnCheck KEV

Exploitation evidence from VulnCheck Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (VulnCheck KEV), used under VulnCheck's community terms. View CVE-2024-53677 in VulnCheck (free account), which lists 10 more exploit references not shown here.

EvidenceSourceDetailDate
Honeypot sighting SANS DShield sensors Exploitation attempts seen on 1 day 2024-12-15
Honeypot sighting Shadowserver honeypots Exploitation attempts seen on 2 days 2024-12-20 to 2026-09-26
Reported exploitation isc.sans.edu /diary/Exploit+attempts+inspired+by+recent+Struts2+File+Upload+Vulnerability+CVE202453677+CVE202350164/31520 2024-12-15
Reported exploitation attackerkb.com /topics/YfjepZ70DS/cve-2024-53677 2024-12-18
Exploit reference VulnCheck XDB 420179b31365 Exploit type: initial-access 2024-12-17
Exploit reference VulnCheck XDB 876d199e276e Exploit type: initial-access 2024-12-18
Exploit reference VulnCheck XDB e3d7a1ada72a Exploit type: initial-access 2024-12-18
Exploit reference VulnCheck XDB 368a28a635a8 Exploit type: initial-access 2025-01-03
Exploit reference VulnCheck XDB 61b55ac60446 Exploit type: initial-access 2025-01-07

7 of these are GitHub repositories with fewer than 5 stars. They are listed for reference and don't count toward the exploitation status above.

IndexArtifactStarsFirst seen
GitHub PoC A critical vulnerability, CVE-2024-53677, has been identified in the popular Apache Struts framework, potentially allowing attackers to execute arbitrary code remotely. This vulnerability arises from flaws in the file upload logic, which can be exploited to perform path traversal and malicious file uploads. 96 2024-12-13
GitHub PoC File upload logic flaw in Apache Struts2 exploit 17 2025-01-03
GitHub PoC s2-067(CVE-2024-53677) 9 2024-12-12
GitHub PoC shishirghimir/CVE-2024-53677-Exploit 3 2025-02-24
GitHub PoC Vulnerable Environment and Exploit for CVE-2024-53677 3 2025-01-10
GitHub PoC A Docker-based environment to reproduce the CVE-2024-53677 vulnerability in Apache Struts 2. 3 2024-12-17
GitHub PoC yangyanglo/CVE-2024-53677 3 2024-12-17
GitHub PoC r007sec/CVE-2024-53677 2 2025-06-03
GitHub PoC dustblessnotdust/CVE-2024-53677-S2-067-thread 2 2024-12-18
GitHub PoC a proof of concept of CVE-2024-53677 1 2025-09-01

Waratek protection

Protected by Waratek

Waratek has a rule that blocks attacks on this vulnerability.

Decided by A vulnerability class already blocked by an ARMR security rule
Finding Protected by Waratek's ARMR path-traversal security rule, which blocks this class of attack at the JVM level without a rule written for this CVE specifically. The CVE's weakness is CWE-22: Path Traversal.

How to mitigate CVE-2024-53677

Upgrade Apache Struts to 6.4.0 or later. Until you can, Waratek RASP blocks exploitation with its path traversal rule. It runs inside the Java application, with no code changes.

Waratek RASP Runtime protection for Java applications

CVSS

9.5 CRITICAL v4.0 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:N/AU:Y/R:A/V:C/RE:L/U:Red 2 metrics

We show the highest score from the newest CVSS version. Scores from different versions can't be compared, and the first score listed is sometimes a 0.0 placeholder.

VersionScoreBandVectorAssignerType
CVSS 4.0 9.5 CRITICAL CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:N/AU:Y/R:A/V:C/RE:L/U:Red security@apache.org Secondary published
CVSS 3.1 9.8 CRITICAL CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H NVD Primary

Affected software and releases

Oracle advisories

AdvisoryTypeQuarterProducts Oracle names in its risk matrix
Oracle Critical Patch Update January 2025 ↗ CPU 2025-Q1 Oracle Communications / Configuration Management Platform (Apache Struts 2) (15.0.0.0.0)

Oracle components and versions

FamilyComponentVersions, as Oracle lists themRead as
Oracle Communications Configuration Management Platform (Apache Struts 2) 15.0.0.0.0 15.0.0.0.0

Maven packages

Affected and fixed versions, from OSV.dev
PackageIntroducedFixedLast affected
org.apache.struts:struts2-core 0 6.4.0 unbounded

Products and versions

2 products, 2 version entries
SourceVendorProductSchemeAffected versions
nvd apache struts generic ≥ 2.0.0 and < 6.4.0
osv org.apache.struts struts2-core generic < 6.4.0

References

URLTags
https://github.com/apache/struts/commit/1ecfbae46543a83e131404f8dcc84b3d0d554854 WEB
https://github.com/apache/struts/commit/3ef9ade8902a63bb560892453eeca02bfddefc78 WEB
https://github.com/apache/struts/commit/930fef7679d7247db9e460c146b1698a9d7ad1e4 WEB
https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/WW/S2-067 WEB
https://github.com/apache/struts PACKAGE
https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250103-0005 WEB
https://struts.apache.org/core-developers/file-upload WEB
https://www.dynatrace.com/news/blog/the-anatomy-of-broken-apache-struts-2-a-technical-deep-dive-into-cve-2024-53677 WEB
https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250103-0005/ Third Party Advisory

Timeline

Published2024-12-11By the CVE Program.
VulnCheck KEV: earliest evidence2024-12-15Date of the oldest evidence of exploitation in VulnCheck KEV's record. VulnCheck does not publish the date it listed the CVE.
VulnCheck KEV: latest evidence2026-10-13Date of the newest report, exploit reference or honeypot sighting in VulnCheck KEV's record.
NVD record modified2026-11-03NVD's own last-modified date for this record.