`CVE-2023-37582` RocketMQ

Affected software	RocketMQ
Severity	9.8 Critical CVSS 3.1 2 scores
Fixed in	`4.9.7`, `5.1.2`
Weakness	Code injection (CWE-94)
Published	12 Jul 2023
Updated	20 Oct 2026

Description

The RocketMQ NameServer component still has a remote command execution vulnerability as the CVE-2023-33246 issue was not completely fixed in version 5.1.1. When NameServer address are leaked on the extranet and lack permission verification, an attacker can exploit this vulnerability by using the update configuration function on the NameServer component to execute commands as the system users that RocketMQ is running as. It is recommended for users to upgrade their NameServer version to 5.1.2 or above for RocketMQ 5.x or 4.9.7 or above for RocketMQ 4.x to prevent these attacks.

Exploitation status

Exploited

Real-world exploitation reported by VulnCheck KEV. CISA has not confirmed it.

CISA KEV not listed
VulnCheck KEV listed Exploitation reported in the wild. 1 citation · 1 exploit · earliest 2024-09-18.
CISA Vulnrichment exploitation: none
Indexed PoC 3 indexed Published artifacts you can open, in GitHub PoC, Nuclei; first seen 2023-07-14.
EPSS 90% chance in 30 days A model's forecast, not a report of exploitation. Higher than 99.8% of all scored CVEs.

VulnCheck KEV

Exploitation evidence from VulnCheck Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (VulnCheck KEV), used under VulnCheck's community terms. View CVE-2023-37582 in VulnCheck (free account).

Evidence	Source	Detail	Date
Reported exploitation	media.defense.gov	/2024/Sep/18/2003547016/-1/-1/0/CSA-PRC-LINKED-ACTORS-BOTNET.PDF	2024-09-18
Exploit reference	VulnCheck XDB 042b3f3b77e0	Exploit type: initial-access	2023-07-14

Evidence

Source

Detail

Date

Reported exploitation

media.defense.gov

/2024/Sep/18/2003547016/-1/-1/0/CSA-PRC-LINKED-ACTORS-BOTNET.PDF

2024-09-18

Exploit reference

VulnCheck XDB 042b3f3b77e0

Exploit type: initial-access

2023-07-14

1 of these are GitHub repositories with fewer than 5 stars. They are listed for reference and don't count toward the exploitation status above.

Index	Artifact	Stars	First seen
GitHub PoC	Apache RocketMQ Arbitrary File Write Vulnerability Exploit	47	2023-07-14
GitHub PoC	laishouchao/Apache-RocketMQ-RCE-CVE-2023-37582-poc	1	2025-05-12
Nuclei	Apache RocketMQ - Remote Command Execution

Waratek protection

Protected by Waratek

Waratek has a rule that blocks attacks on this vulnerability.

Protection full Filesystem
Action available security rule
Review automated AI triage
Record active

Decided by	A researcher's recorded decision for this specific CVE
Finding	An AI triage run found this CVE protected by the ARMR Filesystem Write.

Decided by

A researcher's recorded decision for this specific CVE

Finding

An AI triage run found this CVE protected by the ARMR Filesystem Write.

Waratek research note

written 2026-11-13

Written by a Waratek engineer who reviewed this CVE. Their decision sets the status above, ahead of every automated rule except a withdrawal.

Comments

Rule Name: ARMR Filesystem Write

Unauthenticated NameServer config update (code 318) sets configStorePath, and Configuration.persist() writes attacker text there through FileOutputStream (on 4.x via .tmp and File.renameTo). ARMR Filesystem Write protecting /* and allowing only the NameServer store and log folders blocks the drop. Files inside those allowed folders can still be overwritten.

How to mitigate CVE-2023-37582

Upgrade RocketMQ to a release that fixes it: 4.9.7 or 5.1.2. Until you can, Waratek RASP blocks exploitation with its filesystem rule. It runs inside the Java application, with no code changes.

Waratek RASP Runtime protection for Java applications

CVSS

9.8 CRITICAL v3.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H 2 metrics

We show the highest score from the newest CVSS version. Scores from different versions can't be compared, and the first score listed is sometimes a 0.0 placeholder.

Version Score Band Vector Assigner Type

CVSS 3.1 9.8 CRITICAL CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H NVD Primary published

CVSS 3.1 9.8 CRITICAL CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H CISA-ADP Secondary

Version	Score	Band	Vector	Assigner	Type
CVSS 3.1	9.8	CRITICAL	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`	NVD	Primary	published
CVSS 3.1	9.8	CRITICAL	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`	CISA-ADP	Secondary

Affected software and releases

Maven packages

Affected and fixed versions, from OSV.dev

Package Introduced Fixed Last affected

org.apache.rocketmq:rocketmq-namesrv 0 4.9.7 unbounded

org.apache.rocketmq:rocketmq-namesrv 5.0.0 5.1.2 unbounded

Package	Introduced	Fixed	Last affected
`org.apache.rocketmq:rocketmq-namesrv`	0	`4.9.7`	unbounded
`org.apache.rocketmq:rocketmq-namesrv`	5.0.0	`5.1.2`	unbounded

Products and versions

2 products, 4 version entries

Source	Vendor	Product	Scheme	Affected versions
nvd	apache	rocketmq	generic	≤ 4.9.6 · ≥ 5.0.0 and ≤ 5.1.1
osv	org.apache.rocketmq	rocketmq-namesrv	generic	＜ 4.9.7 · ≥ 5.0.0 and ＜ 5.1.2

Source

Vendor

Product

Scheme

Affected versions

nvd

apache

rocketmq

generic

≤ 4.9.6 · ≥ 5.0.0 and ≤ 5.1.1

osv

org.apache.rocketmq

rocketmq-namesrv

generic

＜ 4.9.7 · ≥ 5.0.0 and ＜ 5.1.2

References

URL	Tags
https://github.com/apache/rocketmq	PACKAGE
https://lists.apache.org/thread/m614czxtpvlztd7mfgcs2xcsg36rdbnc	WEB
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/07/12/1	WEB

URL

Timeline

Published	2023-07-12	By the CVE Program.
VulnCheck KEV: earliest evidence	2024-09-18	Date of the oldest evidence of exploitation in VulnCheck KEV's record. VulnCheck does not publish the date it listed the CVE.
NVD record modified	2026-06-17	NVD's own last-modified date for this record.
Last VRT activity	2026-10-20	Most recent commit touching this CVE's classification, patch or rule file.
Classification created	2026-11-13	First commit adding this CVE's research note.

Published

2023-07-12

By the CVE Program.

VulnCheck KEV: earliest evidence

2024-09-18

Date of the oldest evidence of exploitation in VulnCheck KEV's record. VulnCheck does not publish the date it listed the CVE.

NVD record modified

2026-06-17

NVD's own last-modified date for this record.

Last VRT activity

2026-10-20

Most recent commit touching this CVE's classification, patch or rule file.

Classification created

2026-11-13

First commit adding this CVE's research note.

How VRT decided (4 of 24 rules ran)

4 of 24 rules ran. The rest didn't run because an earlier rule had already settled the CVE.

# Rule Outcome Status Detail

identity: Does this identifier describe a vulnerability at all? the first rule that matches decides

1 rejected no match CVE Program withdrawal of this identifier

scope: Is it a vulnerability Waratek protects? the first rule that matches decides

2 armr-patch-file no match An ARMR patch file on disk for this CVE

3 armr-secure-rule-file no match An ARMR security-rule template on disk for this CVE

4 manual-classification decided it matched Protected by Waratek An AI triage run found this CVE protected by the ARMR Filesystem Write.

5 manual classification not reached Manual classification of this CVE in the legacy dataset

6 non-java-upstream not reached A root cause in non-Java code: an OS kernel, a C library, or a bundled runtime

7 oracle-component not reached The defect being in a component of a tracked product the agent does not reach: JavaFX, the Java SE installer, the JInitiator browser plug-in, the native WebLogic proxy plug-in, or a native part of Oracle Application Server or Collaboration Suite (HTTP Server, Web Cache, Internet Directory, mail and calendar servers). Oracle gives these no CPE of their own and names them only in the description.

8 java-client-side not reached Oracle's own risk-matrix note saying the CVE is reached only through untrusted code in the Java sandbox (applets, Web Start) or only through a client installation of Java, so a server running its own trusted code is not exposed

9 osv-maven not reached An OSV.dev record of this CVE affecting a package published to Maven Central. When every such package is one business applications do not use (Minecraft mods and launchers, Fastjson) and no tracked product is named by CPE, it settles the CVE as Outside Waratek scope instead

10 cna-maven-package not reached An affected Maven artifact named by the CNA itself

11 known-cpe-product not reached An NVD CPE naming a product ARMR tracks

12 cna-cpe-product not reached A CPE the CNA published naming a tracked product. Oracle publishes these on advisory day, months before NVD.

13 oracle-advisory-family not reached A tracked product family named in Oracle's own risk matrix. CPE cannot carry a suite name, only a module.

14 cna-named-product not reached A tracked product named in words by the CVE's own CNA, on a record with no CPE yet. Apache and Eclipse publish these on advisory day, before NVD adds CPE data.

15 non-deployable-product not reached The only affected product being a sealed appliance image, where Java runs but no -javaagent can be attached

16 unmatched-product not reached No tracked product matched above, and none present at all

disposition: What do we do about one that is? every rule runs

17 patch-hint not reached A reference pointing at the upstream fix: a commit, a PR, a Red Hat bug

18 open-source-maven not reached The affected package being open source on Maven, so the fix can be read

19 poc-derivable not reached An indexed exploit clearing the evidence bar to reverse-engineer, where there is no source to read

20 no-exploit not reached Nothing to build a rule from yet: no published exploit, no CISA record of exploitation and no source-level change to read

21 secure-rule-match not reached A vulnerability class already blocked by an ARMR security rule

22 exploited-no-fix-or-poc not reached Somebody exploiting this CVE (a CISA or VulnCheck KEV listing, or a CISA verdict of active exploitation), with no fix, source code or PoC to build a rule from

23 below-action-threshold not reached Medium or Low severity, no CISA or VulnCheck KEV listing, no PoC clearing the evidence bar, no CISA verdict, no Oracle advisory

24 no-exploit-published not reached Exploit code for this candidate, published in a reviewed catalogue or a GitHub repository with 5 or more stars, or in use per CISA or VulnCheck; not only a CISA verdict, a forecast, or nothing at all

NVD ↗ · CVE.org ↗