`CVE-2022-23221` H2

Affected software	H2
Severity	9.8 Critical CVSS 3.1 3 scores
Fixed in	`2.1.210`
Weakness	CWE-88
Published	19 Jan 2022
Updated	17 Jun 2026

Description

H2 Console before 2.1.210 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a jdbc:h2:mem JDBC URL containing the IGNORE_UNKNOWN_SETTINGS=TRUE;FORBID_CREATION=FALSE;INIT=RUNSCRIPT substring, a different vulnerability than CVE-2021-42392.

Exploitation status

Proof of concept only

A proof of concept exists, but no reviewed exploit catalogue lists this CVE.

CISA KEV not listed
VulnCheck KEV not listed
CISA Vulnrichment exploitation: poc CISA recorded that an exploit has been demonstrated. Automatable: yes, technical impact: total.
Indexed PoC 2 indexed, none at 5+ stars
EPSS 65% chance in 30 days A model's forecast, not a report of exploitation. Higher than 99% of all scored CVEs.

2 of these are GitHub repositories with fewer than 5 stars. They are listed for reference and don't count toward the exploitation status above.

Index	Artifact	Stars	First seen
GitHub PoC	Vulhub h2database/CVE-2022-23221: H2 Database Console JDBC URL RCE (CVE-2022-23221), run with Isoloom		2026-10-08
GitHub PoC	vulhub/H2-database/CVE-2022-23221		2026-07-09

Index

Artifact

Stars

First seen

GitHub PoC

Vulhub h2database/CVE-2022-23221: H2 Database Console JDBC URL RCE (CVE-2022-23221), run with Isoloom

2026-10-08

GitHub PoC

vulhub/H2-database/CVE-2022-23221

2026-07-09

Waratek protection

Protected by Waratek

Waratek has a rule that blocks attacks on this vulnerability.

Protection full
Action available security rule
Review human Researcher
Record active

Decided by	Manual classification of this CVE in the legacy dataset
Finding	A manual classification set this CVE's status to Protected by Waratek.

Decided by

Manual classification of this CVE in the legacy dataset

Finding

A manual classification set this CVE's status to Protected by Waratek.

How to mitigate CVE-2022-23221

Upgrade H2 to 2.1.210 or later. Until you can, Waratek RASP blocks exploitation with a security rule that blocks this kind of attack. It runs inside the Java application, with no code changes.

Waratek RASP Runtime protection for Java applications

CVSS

9.8 CRITICAL v3.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H 3 metrics

We show the highest score from the newest CVSS version. Scores from different versions can't be compared, and the first score listed is sometimes a 0.0 placeholder.

Version Score Band Vector Assigner Type

CVSS 3.1 9.8 CRITICAL CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H NVD Primary published

CVSS 3.1 9.8 CRITICAL CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H CISA-ADP Secondary

CVSS 2.0 10.0 none AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C NVD Primary

Version	Score	Band	Vector	Assigner	Type
CVSS 3.1	9.8	CRITICAL	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`	NVD	Primary	published
CVSS 3.1	9.8	CRITICAL	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`	CISA-ADP	Secondary
CVSS 2.0	10.0	none	`AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C`	NVD	Primary

Affected software and releases

Oracle advisories

Advisory	Type	Quarter	Products Oracle names in its risk matrix
Oracle Critical Patch Update January 2024 ↗	CPU	2024-Q1	Oracle Fusion Middleware / B2B Engine (H2 Database) (12.2.1.4.0)
Oracle Critical Patch Update January 2023 ↗	CPU	2023-Q1	Oracle HealthCare Applications / Data Studio (H2 Database) (4.1.0.0-4.1.1.1)
Oracle Critical Patch Update April 2022 ↗	CPU	2022-Q2	Oracle Communications / CNC Console (H2) (1.9.0)

Advisory

Type

Quarter

Products Oracle names in its risk matrix

Oracle Critical Patch Update January 2024 ↗

CPU

2024-Q1

Oracle Fusion Middleware / B2B Engine (H2 Database) (12.2.1.4.0)

Oracle Critical Patch Update January 2023 ↗

CPU

2023-Q1

Oracle HealthCare Applications / Data Studio (H2 Database) (4.1.0.0-4.1.1.1)

Oracle Critical Patch Update April 2022 ↗

CPU

2022-Q2

Oracle Communications / CNC Console (H2) (1.9.0)

Oracle components and versions

Family	Component	Versions, as Oracle lists them	Read as
Oracle Communications	CNC Console (H2)	1.9.0	1.9.0
Oracle Fusion Middleware	B2B Engine (H2 Database)	12.2.1.4.0	12.2.1.4.0
Oracle HealthCare Applications	Data Studio (H2 Database)	4.1.0.0-4.1.1.1

Maven packages

Affected and fixed versions, from OSV.dev

Package Introduced Fixed Last affected

com.h2database:h2 0 2.1.210 unbounded

Package	Introduced	Fixed	Last affected
`com.h2database:h2`	0	`2.1.210`	unbounded

Products and versions

4 products, 6 version entries

Source	Vendor	Product	Scheme	Affected versions
osv	com.h2database	h2	generic	＜ 2.1.210
nvd	debian	debian linux	generic	9.0 · 10.0 · 11.0
nvd	h2database	h2	generic	≥ 1.1.100 and ＜ 2.0.206
nvd	oracle	communications cloud native core console	generic	1.9.0

Source

Vendor

Product

Scheme

Affected versions

osv

com.h2database

generic

＜ 2.1.210

nvd

debian

debian linux

generic

9.0 · 10.0 · 11.0

nvd

h2database

generic

≥ 1.1.100 and ＜ 2.0.206

nvd

oracle

communications cloud native core console

generic

1.9.0

References

URL	Tags
https://github.com/h2database/h2database	PACKAGE
https://github.com/h2database/h2database/releases/tag/version-2.1.210	WEB
https://github.com/h2database/h2database/security/advisories	WEB
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/02/msg00017.html	WEB
https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230818-0011	WEB
https://twitter.com/d0nkey_man/status/1483824727936450564	WEB
https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5076	WEB
https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2022.html	WEB
https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2022.html	WEB
http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/165676/H2-Database-Console-Remote-Code-Execution.html	WEB

URL

Timeline

Published	2022-01-19	By the CVE Program.
NVD record modified	2026-06-17	NVD's own last-modified date for this record.

Published

2022-01-19

By the CVE Program.

NVD record modified

2026-06-17

NVD's own last-modified date for this record.

How VRT decided (5 of 24 rules ran)

5 of 24 rules ran. The rest didn't run because an earlier rule had already settled the CVE.

# Rule Outcome Status Detail

identity: Does this identifier describe a vulnerability at all? the first rule that matches decides

1 rejected no match CVE Program withdrawal of this identifier

scope: Is it a vulnerability Waratek protects? the first rule that matches decides

2 armr-patch-file no match An ARMR patch file on disk for this CVE

3 armr-secure-rule-file no match An ARMR security-rule template on disk for this CVE

4 manual-classification no match A researcher's recorded decision for this specific CVE

5 manual classification decided it matched Protected by Waratek Found in legacy manual classifications

6 non-java-upstream not reached A root cause in non-Java code: an OS kernel, a C library, or a bundled runtime

7 oracle-component not reached The defect being in a component of a tracked product the agent does not reach: JavaFX, the Java SE installer, the JInitiator browser plug-in, the native WebLogic proxy plug-in, or a native part of Oracle Application Server or Collaboration Suite (HTTP Server, Web Cache, Internet Directory, mail and calendar servers). Oracle gives these no CPE of their own and names them only in the description.

8 java-client-side not reached Oracle's own risk-matrix note saying the CVE is reached only through untrusted code in the Java sandbox (applets, Web Start) or only through a client installation of Java, so a server running its own trusted code is not exposed

9 osv-maven not reached An OSV.dev record of this CVE affecting a package published to Maven Central. When every such package is one business applications do not use (Minecraft mods and launchers, Fastjson) and no tracked product is named by CPE, it settles the CVE as Outside Waratek scope instead

10 cna-maven-package not reached An affected Maven artifact named by the CNA itself

11 known-cpe-product not reached An NVD CPE naming a product ARMR tracks

12 cna-cpe-product not reached A CPE the CNA published naming a tracked product. Oracle publishes these on advisory day, months before NVD.

13 oracle-advisory-family not reached A tracked product family named in Oracle's own risk matrix. CPE cannot carry a suite name, only a module.

14 cna-named-product not reached A tracked product named in words by the CVE's own CNA, on a record with no CPE yet. Apache and Eclipse publish these on advisory day, before NVD adds CPE data.

15 non-deployable-product not reached The only affected product being a sealed appliance image, where Java runs but no -javaagent can be attached

16 unmatched-product not reached No tracked product matched above, and none present at all

disposition: What do we do about one that is? every rule runs

17 patch-hint not reached A reference pointing at the upstream fix: a commit, a PR, a Red Hat bug

18 open-source-maven not reached The affected package being open source on Maven, so the fix can be read

19 poc-derivable not reached An indexed exploit clearing the evidence bar to reverse-engineer, where there is no source to read

20 no-exploit not reached Nothing to build a rule from yet: no published exploit, no CISA record of exploitation and no source-level change to read

21 secure-rule-match not reached A vulnerability class already blocked by an ARMR security rule

22 exploited-no-fix-or-poc not reached Somebody exploiting this CVE (a CISA or VulnCheck KEV listing, or a CISA verdict of active exploitation), with no fix, source code or PoC to build a rule from

23 below-action-threshold not reached Medium or Low severity, no CISA or VulnCheck KEV listing, no PoC clearing the evidence bar, no CISA verdict, no Oracle advisory

24 no-exploit-published not reached Exploit code for this candidate, published in a reviewed catalogue or a GitHub repository with 5 or more stars, or in use per CISA or VulnCheck; not only a CISA verdict, a forecast, or nothing at all

NVD ↗ · CVE.org ↗