`CVE-2021-23440`

9.8 Critical No exploit published

Description

This affects the package set-value before <2.0.1, >=3.0.0 <4.0.1. A type confusion vulnerability can lead to a bypass of CVE-2019-10747 when the user-provided keys used in the path parameter are arrays.

CWE-843

Exploitation Status

No public exploit

Nothing published shows this CVE being exploited, which is not the same as ruling it out. nothing published in 5 years.

CVSS E:U

CISA KEV not listed
CISA Vulnrichment no assessment published
Indexed PoC none indexed
EPSS 2.2% chance in 30 days

Waratek Defense Posture

No exploit published

In RASP's scope with an upstream fix path, but nobody has published a working exploit. That is a statement about what has been published, not a finding that the defect is unreachable or unimportant.

Protection none
Action unverified patch rule
Review automated upstream-data
Record active

Decided by no-exploit-published : A published working exploit for this candidate, not only a proof of concept, a forecast, or nothing at all

Finding This CVE is not listed in CISA KEV, CISA Vulnrichment records no active exploitation, and no reviewed exploit catalogue carries an entry for it. Nobody has published something a stranger can run, so it is not a candidate for a rule ahead of the ones where somebody has; an upstream fix path does exist, so the remediation half of the candidacy still holds. This is a statement about what has been published, not about whether the defect is reachable or serious.

Candidate fix https://github.com/jonschlinkert/set-value/commit/7cf8073bb06bf0c15e08475f9f952823b4576452 : a commit: the change itself

Decided by	`no-exploit-published` : A published working exploit for this candidate, not only a proof of concept, a forecast, or nothing at all
Finding	This CVE is not listed in CISA KEV, CISA Vulnrichment records no active exploitation, and no reviewed exploit catalogue carries an entry for it. Nobody has published something a stranger can run, so it is not a candidate for a rule ahead of the ones where somebody has; an upstream fix path does exist, so the remediation half of the candidacy still holds. This is a statement about what has been published, not about whether the defect is reachable or serious.
Candidate fix	https://github.com/jonschlinkert/set-value/commit/7cf8073bb06bf0c15e08475f9f952823b4576452 : a commit: the change itself

CVSS

9.8 CRITICAL v3.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H 3 metrics

VRT selects the newest version's highest entry and publishes it as cvssScore, newest rather than largest because scores are not comparable across versions, and highest rather than first because the first entry is frequently a CNA placeholder scoring 0.0 over NVD's own analysis.

Version Score Band Vector Assigner Type

CVSS 3.1 9.8 CRITICAL CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H NVD Primary published

CVSS 3.1 7.3 HIGH CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L report@snyk.io Secondary

CVSS 2.0 7.5 no band published AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P NVD Primary

Version	Score	Band	Vector	Assigner	Type
CVSS 3.1	9.8	CRITICAL	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`	NVD	Primary	published
CVSS 3.1	7.3	HIGH	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L`	report@snyk.io	Secondary
CVSS 2.0	7.5	no band published	`AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P`	NVD	Primary

Affected Software & Releases

🏛️ Oracle CPU Advisories & Products

Advisory	Type	Quarter	Products Oracle named in risk matrix
Oracle Critical Patch Update January 2022 ↗	CPU	2022-Q1	Oracle Communications / Policy (set-value) (1.14.0)

Advisory

Type

Quarter

Products Oracle named in risk matrix

Oracle Critical Patch Update January 2022 ↗

CPU

2022-Q1

Oracle Communications / Policy (set-value) (1.14.0)

Indexed Oracle Components & Versions

Family	Component	Oracle's version cell (verbatim)	Indexed as
Oracle Communications	Policy (set-value)	1.14.0	1.14.0

Family

Component

Oracle's version cell (verbatim)

Indexed as

Oracle Communications

Policy (set-value)

1.14.0

🖥️ Product CPEs & Version Ranges

2 product(s) over 3 version claims (uncapped)

Source	Vendor	Product	Scheme	Affected Versions
nvd	oracle	communications cloud native core policy	generic	1.14.0
nvd	set-value project	set-value	generic	＜ 2.0.1 · ≥ 3.0.0 and ＜ 4.0.1

Source

Vendor

Product

Scheme

Affected Versions

nvd

oracle

communications cloud native core policy

generic

1.14.0

nvd

set-value project

set-value

generic

＜ 2.0.1 · ≥ 3.0.0 and ＜ 4.0.1

References

URL	Tags
https://github.com/jonschlinkert/set-value/commit/7cf8073bb06bf0c15e08475f9f952823b4576452	commit
https://github.com/jonschlinkert/set-value/pull/33	Patch, Third Party Advisory
https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JAVA-ORGWEBJARSNPM-1584212	Exploit, Third Party Advisory
https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-SETVALUE-1540541	Exploit, Third Party Advisory
https://www.huntr.dev/bounties/2eae1159-01de-4f82-a177-7478a408c4a2/	Exploit, Third Party Advisory
https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2022.html	Patch, Third Party Advisory

URL

Timeline

Published 2021-09-12 Last modified 2026-06-17

Published	2021-09-12	By the CVE Program.
NVD record modified	2026-06-17	NVD's own last-modified date for this record.

Published

2021-09-12

By the CVE Program.

NVD record modified

2026-06-17

NVD's own last-modified date for this record.

Pipeline policy audit (17 of 21 rules evaluated)

17 of 21 rules ran. The rest were never reached, because an earlier stage settled the CVE, a distinct claim from a rule that ran and found nothing.

# Rule Outcome Status Detail

identity: Does this identifier describe a vulnerability at all? first match wins

1 rejected no-match CVE Program withdrawal of this identifier

scope: Is the vulnerability ARMR's to address? first match wins

2 armr-patch-file no-match An ARMR patch file on disk for this CVE

3 armr-secure-rule-file no-match An ARMR security-rule template on disk for this CVE

4 manual-classification no-match A researcher's recorded decision for this specific CVE

5 manual classification no-match Manual classification of this CVE in the legacy dataset

6 non-java-upstream no-match A root cause in non-Java code: an OS kernel, a C library, or a bundled runtime

7 oracle-component no-match The defect being in a component of a tracked product the agent does not reach: JavaFX, the Java SE installer, the native WebLogic proxy plug-in. Oracle gives these no CPE of their own and names them only in the description.

8 osv-maven no-match An OSV.dev record of this CVE affecting a package published to Maven Central

9 cna-maven-package no-match An affected Maven artifact named by the CNA itself

10 known-cpe-product matched Queued for review Matches known products: oracle/communications_cloud_native_core_policy

11 cna-cpe-product not-reached A CPE the CNA published naming a tracked product. Oracle publishes these on advisory day, months before NVD.

12 oracle-advisory-family not-reached A tracked product family named in Oracle's own risk matrix. CPE cannot carry a suite name, only a module.

13 non-deployable-product not-reached The only affected product being a sealed appliance image, where Java runs but no -javaagent can be attached

14 unmatched-product not-reached No tracked product matched above, and none present at all

disposition: What do we do about one that is? cumulative: every rule gets a turn

15 patch-hint matched Mitigation candidate References include candidate fix URL (commit tier): https://github.com/jonschlinkert/set-value/commit/7cf8073bb06bf0c15e08475f9f952823b4576452

16 open-source-maven skipped The affected package being open source on Maven, so the fix can be read

17 poc-derivable skipped An indexed exploit to reverse-engineer, where there is no source to read

18 no-exploit skipped With no fix path, a public exploit, or a CISA record of one

19 secure-rule-match no-match A vulnerability class already blocked by an ARMR security rule

20 below-action-threshold no-match Severity is CRITICAL — only MEDIUM/LOW are deprioritized

21 no-exploit-published decided it matched No exploit published No working exploit has been published, and an upstream fix path does exist, so the remediation half of the candidacy still holds.

What the scope rules read

The products the record named, and whether known-products.yaml tracks them. This is the evidence the scope stage decided on.

Vendor Product Tracked CPE Source

set-value_project set-value not tracked cpe:2.3:a:set-value_project:set-value:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*

oracle communications_cloud_native_core_policy tracked cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_cloud_native_core_policy:1.14.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* yaml

Raw stored JSON document for this CVE ↗ · NVD ↗ · CVE.org ↗