`CVE-2020-25638`

Affected software	4 products, listed below
Severity	7.4 High CVSS 3.1 3 scores
Fixed in	`5.4.24.Final`, `5.3.20.Final`
Weakness	SQL injection (CWE-89)
Published	2 Dec 2020
Updated	13 Nov 2026

Description

A flaw was found in hibernate-core in versions prior to and including 5.4.23.Final. A SQL injection in the implementation of the JPA Criteria API can permit unsanitized literals when a literal is used in the SQL comments of the query. This flaw could allow an attacker to access unauthorized information or possibly conduct further attacks. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity.

Exploitation status

No public exploit

No exploit has been reported in the sources we check. Published 5 years ago.

CISA KEV not listed
VulnCheck KEV not listed
CISA Vulnrichment exploitation: none
Indexed PoC none indexed
EPSS 2.9% chance in 30 days

Waratek protection

Protected by Waratek

Waratek has a rule that blocks attacks on this vulnerability.

Protection full SQL injection
Action available security rule
Review human Researcher
Record active

Decided by	A researcher's recorded decision for this specific CVE
Finding	A researcher found this CVE protected by the ARMR SQL rule.

Decided by

A researcher's recorded decision for this specific CVE

Finding

A researcher found this CVE protected by the ARMR SQL rule.

Waratek research note

written 2026-11-13

Written by a Waratek engineer who reviewed this CVE. Their decision sets the status above, ahead of every automated rule except a withdrawal.

Comments

Rule Name: SQL rule

How to mitigate CVE-2020-25638

Upgrade the affected software to a release that fixes it: 5.4.24.Final or 5.3.20.Final. Until you can, Waratek RASP blocks exploitation with its SQL injection rule. It runs inside the Java application, with no code changes.

Waratek RASP Runtime protection for Java applications

CVSS

7.4 HIGH v3.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N 3 metrics

We show the highest score from the newest CVSS version. Scores from different versions can't be compared, and the first score listed is sometimes a 0.0 placeholder.

Version Score Band Vector Assigner Type

CVSS 3.1 7.4 HIGH CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N NVD Primary published

CVSS 3.1 7.4 HIGH CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N CISA-ADP Secondary

CVSS 2.0 5.8 none AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N NVD Primary

Version	Score	Band	Vector	Assigner	Type
CVSS 3.1	7.4	HIGH	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N`	NVD	Primary	published
CVSS 3.1	7.4	HIGH	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N`	CISA-ADP	Secondary
CVSS 2.0	5.8	none	`AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N`	NVD	Primary

Affected software and releases

Oracle advisories

Advisory	Type	Quarter	Products Oracle names in its risk matrix
Oracle Critical Patch Update April 2024 ↗	CPU	2024-Q2	Oracle Utilities Applications / General (hibernate-core) (4.3.0.3.0-4.3.0.6.0, 4.4.0.0.0, 4.4.0.2.0, 4.4.0.3.0, 4.5.0.0.0, 4.5.0.1.1, 4.5.0.1.2)
Oracle Critical Patch Update April 2023 ↗	CPU	2023-Q2	Oracle Fusion Middleware / Core (JBoss Enterprise Application Platform) (14.1.1.0.0)
Oracle Critical Patch Update April 2022 ↗	CPU	2022-Q2	Oracle Communications / CNC Console (hibernate-core) (1.9.0)
Oracle Critical Patch Update July 2021 ↗	CPU	2021-Q3	Oracle Retail Applications / Segment (Hibernate) (19.0)

Advisory

Type

Quarter

Products Oracle names in its risk matrix

Oracle Critical Patch Update April 2024 ↗

CPU

2024-Q2

Oracle Utilities Applications / General (hibernate-core) (4.3.0.3.0-4.3.0.6.0, 4.4.0.0.0, 4.4.0.2.0, 4.4.0.3.0, 4.5.0.0.0, 4.5.0.1.1, 4.5.0.1.2)

Oracle Critical Patch Update April 2023 ↗

CPU

2023-Q2

Oracle Fusion Middleware / Core (JBoss Enterprise Application Platform) (14.1.1.0.0)

Oracle Critical Patch Update April 2022 ↗

CPU

2022-Q2

Oracle Communications / CNC Console (hibernate-core) (1.9.0)

Oracle Critical Patch Update July 2021 ↗

CPU

2021-Q3

Oracle Retail Applications / Segment (Hibernate) (19.0)

Oracle components and versions

Family	Component	Versions, as Oracle lists them	Read as
Oracle Communications	CNC Console (hibernate-core)	1.9.0	1.9.0
Oracle Fusion Middleware	Core (JBoss Enterprise Application Platform)	14.1.1.0.0	14.1.1.0.0
Oracle Retail Applications	Segment (Hibernate)	19.0	19.0
Oracle Utilities Applications	General (hibernate-core)	4.3.0.3.0-4.3.0.6.0, 4.4.0.0.0, 4.4.0.2.0, 4.4.0.3.0, 4.5.0.0.0, 4.5.0.1.1, 4.5.0.1.2	4.4.0.0.0 · 4.4.0.2.0 · 4.4.0.3.0 · 4.5.0.0.0 · 4.5.0.1.1 · 4.5.0.1.2

Maven packages

Affected and fixed versions, from OSV.dev

Package Introduced Fixed Last affected

org.hibernate:hibernate-core 5.4.0.Final 5.4.24.Final unbounded

org.hibernate:hibernate-core 0 5.3.20.Final unbounded

Package	Introduced	Fixed	Last affected
`org.hibernate:hibernate-core`	5.4.0.Final	`5.4.24.Final`	unbounded
`org.hibernate:hibernate-core`	0	`5.3.20.Final`	unbounded

Products and versions

6 products, 9 version entries

Source	Vendor	Product	Scheme	Affected versions
nvd	debian	debian linux	generic	9.0 · 10.0
nvd	hibernate	hibernate orm	generic	＜ 5.3.20 · ≥ 5.4.0 and ＜ 5.4.24
nvd	oracle	communications cloud native core console	generic	1.9.0
nvd	oracle	retail customer management and segmentation foundation	generic	19.0
osv	org.hibernate	hibernate-core	generic	＜ 5.3.20 · ≥ 5.4.0 and ＜ 5.4.24
nvd	quarkus	quarkus	generic	≤ 1.9.2

Source

Vendor

Product

Scheme

Affected versions

nvd

debian

debian linux

generic

9.0 · 10.0

nvd

hibernate

hibernate orm

generic

＜ 5.3.20 · ≥ 5.4.0 and ＜ 5.4.24

nvd

oracle

communications cloud native core console

generic

1.9.0

nvd

oracle

retail customer management and segmentation foundation

generic

19.0

osv

org.hibernate

hibernate-core

generic

＜ 5.3.20 · ≥ 5.4.0 and ＜ 5.4.24

nvd

quarkus

generic

≤ 1.9.2

Earlier manual review

A reviewer classified this CVE in an older dataset. We kept the labels and products below, but not the reviewer's reasoning.

## Manual Classification Context **Labels:** HTTP, SEGMENT (HIBERNATE), NO AUTH REMOTE EXPLOIT **Products:** ORACLE RETAIL CUSTOMER MANAGEMENT AND SEGMENTATION FOUNDATION, ORACLE RETAIL APPLICATIONS

References

URL	Tags
https://github.com/hibernate/hibernate-orm/commit/36ebf7d3836e83e99f2a91777b5389e1daf1f2b7	WEB
https://github.com/hibernate/hibernate-orm/commit/59fede7acaaa1579b561407aefa582311f7ebe78	WEB
https://github.com/hibernate/hibernate-orm/commit/d22bbb5c339c9df7712c3365bb1df97c91b35ec5	WEB
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1881353	WEB
https://github.com/hibernate/hibernate-orm	PACKAGE
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r833c1276e41334fa675848a08daf0c61f39009f9f9a400d9f7006d44@%3Cdev.turbine.apache.org%3E	WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rf2378209c676a28b71f9b604a3b3517c448540b85367160e558ef9df@%3Ccommits.turbine.apache.org%3E	WEB
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/01/msg00000.html	WEB
https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4908	WEB
https://www.oracle.com//security-alerts/cpujul2021.html	WEB

URL

Timeline

Published	2020-12-02	By the CVE Program.
NVD record modified	2026-06-17	NVD's own last-modified date for this record.
Classification created	2026-11-13	First commit adding this CVE's research note.
Last VRT activity	2026-11-13	Most recent commit touching this CVE's classification, patch or rule file.

Published

2020-12-02

By the CVE Program.

NVD record modified

2026-06-17

NVD's own last-modified date for this record.

Classification created

2026-11-13

First commit adding this CVE's research note.

Last VRT activity

2026-11-13

Most recent commit touching this CVE's classification, patch or rule file.

How VRT decided (4 of 24 rules ran)

4 of 24 rules ran. The rest didn't run because an earlier rule had already settled the CVE.

# Rule Outcome Status Detail

identity: Does this identifier describe a vulnerability at all? the first rule that matches decides

1 rejected no match CVE Program withdrawal of this identifier

scope: Is it a vulnerability Waratek protects? the first rule that matches decides

2 armr-patch-file no match An ARMR patch file on disk for this CVE

3 armr-secure-rule-file no match An ARMR security-rule template on disk for this CVE

4 manual-classification decided it matched Protected by Waratek A researcher found this CVE protected by the ARMR SQL rule.

5 manual classification not reached Manual classification of this CVE in the legacy dataset

6 non-java-upstream not reached A root cause in non-Java code: an OS kernel, a C library, or a bundled runtime

7 oracle-component not reached The defect being in a component of a tracked product the agent does not reach: JavaFX, the Java SE installer, the JInitiator browser plug-in, the native WebLogic proxy plug-in, or a native part of Oracle Application Server or Collaboration Suite (HTTP Server, Web Cache, Internet Directory, mail and calendar servers). Oracle gives these no CPE of their own and names them only in the description.

8 java-client-side not reached Oracle's own risk-matrix note saying the CVE is reached only through untrusted code in the Java sandbox (applets, Web Start) or only through a client installation of Java, so a server running its own trusted code is not exposed

9 osv-maven not reached An OSV.dev record of this CVE affecting a package published to Maven Central. When every such package is one business applications do not use (Minecraft mods and launchers, Fastjson) and no tracked product is named by CPE, it settles the CVE as Outside Waratek scope instead

10 cna-maven-package not reached An affected Maven artifact named by the CNA itself

11 known-cpe-product not reached An NVD CPE naming a product ARMR tracks

12 cna-cpe-product not reached A CPE the CNA published naming a tracked product. Oracle publishes these on advisory day, months before NVD.

13 oracle-advisory-family not reached A tracked product family named in Oracle's own risk matrix. CPE cannot carry a suite name, only a module.

14 cna-named-product not reached A tracked product named in words by the CVE's own CNA, on a record with no CPE yet. Apache and Eclipse publish these on advisory day, before NVD adds CPE data.

15 non-deployable-product not reached The only affected product being a sealed appliance image, where Java runs but no -javaagent can be attached

16 unmatched-product not reached No tracked product matched above, and none present at all

disposition: What do we do about one that is? every rule runs

17 patch-hint not reached A reference pointing at the upstream fix: a commit, a PR, a Red Hat bug

18 open-source-maven not reached The affected package being open source on Maven, so the fix can be read

19 poc-derivable not reached An indexed exploit clearing the evidence bar to reverse-engineer, where there is no source to read

20 no-exploit not reached Nothing to build a rule from yet: no published exploit, no CISA record of exploitation and no source-level change to read

21 secure-rule-match not reached A vulnerability class already blocked by an ARMR security rule

22 exploited-no-fix-or-poc not reached Somebody exploiting this CVE (a CISA or VulnCheck KEV listing, or a CISA verdict of active exploitation), with no fix, source code or PoC to build a rule from

23 below-action-threshold not reached Medium or Low severity, no CISA or VulnCheck KEV listing, no PoC clearing the evidence bar, no CISA verdict, no Oracle advisory

24 no-exploit-published not reached Exploit code for this candidate, published in a reviewed catalogue or a GitHub repository with 5 or more stars, or in use per CISA or VulnCheck; not only a CISA verdict, a forecast, or nothing at all

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