CWE-367 CVEs · Critical

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Overview 41 matches · 2 in Waratek scope · 0 protected · 3 exploited · 1 CISA KEV · 3 public PoC · 0 EPSS ≥ 0.5

41matches 2in Waratek scope4.9% 0protected0.0% 3exploited7.3% 1CISA KEV2.4% 3public PoC7.3% 0EPSS ≥ 0.50.0%

Protected by Waratek 0 0.0% Rule in development 0 0.0% Mitigation candidate 2 4.9% No exploit published 0 0.0% Outside Waratek scope 0 0.0% Not applicable 39 95.1% Withdrawn CVE 0 0.0%

Critical 41 100.0% High 0 0.0% Medium 0 0.0% Low 0 0.0% None 0 0.0% Unknown 0 0.0%

blocked by ARMR today 0 0.0% partly blocked 0 0.0% not blocked 41 100.0% not established 0 0.0% unrecorded 0 0.0%

Exploited 3 7.3% Working exploit published 1 2.4% Proof of concept only 5 12.2% Forecast only 0 0.0% No public exploit 32 78.0%

split by StatusSeverityProtectionExploit maturity peak 19 / year

20192 Not applicable2 Critical2 not blocked2 No public exploit2 20200 20211 Not applicable1 Critical1 not blocked1 No public exploit1 20226 Not applicable6 Critical6 not blocked6 No public exploit6 20232 Not applicable2 Critical2 not blocked2 No public exploit2 20246 Mitigation candidate2 Not applicable4 Critical6 not blocked6 Exploited1 Working exploit published1 Proof of concept only1 No public exploit3 20255 Not applicable5 Critical5 not blocked5 Exploited2 No public exploit3 202619 Not applicable19 Critical19 not blocked19 Proof of concept only4 No public exploit15

20192020202120222023202420252026

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CVE	Severity	Published▾	Status	Exploitation	Description
CVE-2026-126937	Critical	2026-11-13	Not applicable	No public exploit	Zipline before 4.6.5 contains a TOCTOU race condition in the POST /api/setup endpoint that allows unauthenticated attackers to create multiple SUPERADMIN accounts by racing concurrent requests before the firstSetup flag is reset. Attackers can send simultaneous requests with spoofed X-Forwarded-For headers during the argon2 hashing window to gain full administrative control of the instance.
CVE-2026-117603	Critical	2026-10-27	Not applicable	No public exploit	Electrum before 4.7.2 contains a spending limit bypass vulnerability in the Nostr Wallet Connect plugin that allows malicious NWC clients to exceed daily_limit_sat by exploiting non-atomic budget checks and millisatoshi truncation. Attackers can send concurrent pay_invoice requests that pass budget_allows_spend() before add_to_budget() runs, or repeatedly pay msat amounts that are floored to whole satoshis, to drain funds beyond the limit.
CVE-2026-113078	Critical	2026-10-20	Not applicable	No public exploit	Race condition in Compositing in Google Chrome prior to 156.0.8078.47 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to potentially execute arbitrary code outside the sandbox via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
CVE-2026-82761	Critical	2026-09-17	Not applicable	No public exploit	Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulnerability in team-alembic AshAuthentication allows an attacker holding a leaked magic link to replay its single-use token and authenticate as the target subject. A magic link configured with single_use_token?, which is the default, is meant to be redeemable exactly once, but nothing serialises the token's validity check against its consumption, so concurrent redemptions of one token all succeed and each yields a full user token. Sign-in verifies the JWT with Jwt.verify/4 and revokes it only afterwards: AshAuthentication.Strategy.MagicLink.SignInPreparation revokes in a Query.after_action callback, and AshAuthentication.Strategy.MagicLink.SignInChange in an after_transaction hook that runs once the sign-in has already committed. AshAuthentication.TokenResource.Actions.revoke/3 writes the revocation as an upsert, so a concurrent duplicate revocation silently succeeds instead of conflicting and no request ever loses the race. This issue affects ash_authentication: from 3.9.0 before 4.15.0 and from 5.0.0-rc.0 before 5.0.0-rc.14.
CVE-2026-77972	Critical	2026-09-15	Not applicable	No public exploit	Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition in Slab safeurl allows an attacker who controls a hostname's DNS responses to reach internal network destinations that validation rejected. Validation returns a verdict and not the address it approved, so the HTTP clients the library ships receive the original hostname and resolve it a second time when the request is made. An attacker who controls the authoritative DNS for a name can answer the first lookup with a permitted address and the second with a blocked one, and the request then reaches a destination validation never approved. The same window opens without an attacker whenever a name legitimately resolves to different addresses across lookups, such as short record lifetimes or rotation between several addresses. This issue affects safeurl: from 0.1.0 onward.
CVE-2026-68488	Critical	2026-09-10	Not applicable	No public exploit	A Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition leading to insecure symlink following in Plesk causes local privilege escalation to root via arbitrary file/directory ownership takeover.
CVE-2026-78319	Critical	2026-09-01	Not applicable	No public exploit	A service running on the affected products contains a potential Time-of-Check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) race condition. An unauthenticated remote attacker could exploit this race condition to bypass intended security controls. This may result in the execution of unauthorized code.
CVE-2026-19410	Critical	2026-08-31	Not applicable	No public exploit	An Incorrect Authorization vulnerability in GitHub Trigger Comment Control in Google Cloud Build prior to 2026-06-24 on Google Cloud Platform allows a remote attacker to execute unreviewed code in the build environment using webhook suppression. This vulnerability was patched on 24 June 2026, and no customer action is needed.
CVE-2026-54754	Critical	2026-08-28	Not applicable	Proof of concept only	Klever-Go is the Go implementation of the Klever blockchain protocol. Prior to 1.7.19, marketplace settlement in core/kapp/market/market.go reads MarketOrderData.ReferralPercentage from the listing while reading asset.Royalties.MarketPercentage live at purchase time. An asset owner can create a valid listing and then use AssetTrigger UpdateRoyalties to make the combined referral and royalty percentages exceed the bid. executeBuyMarket pays referral and royalty amounts unconditionally while computeMarketOwnerAmount silently skips a nonpositive seller remainder, allowing MarketBuy, BuyItNow, or auction Claim settlement to credit more KLV or sale currency than the buyer paid. This can create unbacked currency and corrupt token supply integrity. This issue is fixed in version 1.7.19.
CVE-2026-63297	Critical	2026-08-12	Not applicable	Proof of concept only	An authorization bypass vulnerability in LXD due to a timing flaw during configuration merging allows an authenticated attacker to bypass target project restrictions during cross-project instance copies. When copying an instance to a target project, LXD performs restriction checks before configuration merging is complete, creating a time-of-check to time-of-use (TOCTOU) condition. An attacker can exploit this flaw to copy instances with disallowed high-privilege configurations into restricted projects, bypassing security controls.
CVE-2026-43632	Critical	2026-08-06	Not applicable	No public exploit	llama.cpp builds b7492 through the latest b9060 contains a use-after-free vulnerability in llama-server affecting six tokenization endpoints (/tokenize, /detokenize, /infill, /apply-template, /rerank, and /anthropic/count_tokens) that bypass the task queue and access ctx_server.vocab directly on HTTP worker threads. Attackers can exploit a time-of-check-time-of-use race condition where the main thread destroys and frees vocab after the synchronization lock is released but before the handler finishes using it, causing a crash or potential code execution when --sleep-idle-seconds is configured.
CVE-2026-64091	Critical	2026-07-19	Not applicable	No public exploit	In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: batman-adv: tt: fix TOCTOU race for reported vlans The local TT based TVLV is generated by first checking the number of VLANs which have at least one TT entry. A new buffer with the correct size for the VLANs is then allocated. Only then, the list of VLANs s used to fill the VLAN entries in the buffer. During this time, the meshif_vlan_list_lock is held. But the actual number of TT entries of each VLAN can still increase during this time - just not the number of VLANs in the list. But the prefilter used in the buffer size calculation might still cause an increase of the number of VLANs which need to be stored. Simply because a VLAN might now suddenly have at least one entry when it had none in the pre-alloc check - and then needs to occupy space which was not allocated. It is better to overestimate the buffer size at the beginning and then fill the buffer only with the VLANs which are not empty.
CVE-2026-64034	Critical	2026-07-19	Not applicable	No public exploit	In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: mana: Fix TOCTOU double-fetch of hwc_msg_id from DMA buffer In mana_hwc_rx_event_handler(), resp->response.hwc_msg_id is read from DMA-coherent memory and bounds-checked, then mana_hwc_handle_resp() re-reads the same field from the same DMA buffer for test_bit() and pointer arithmetic. DMA-coherent memory is mapped uncacheable on x86 and is shared, unencrypted, in Confidential VMs (SEV-SNP/TDX), so each load goes directly to host-visible memory. A H/W can modify the value between the check and the use, bypassing the bounds validation. Fix this by reading hwc_msg_id exactly once using READ_ONCE() into a stack-local variable in mana_hwc_rx_event_handler(), and passing the validated value as a parameter to mana_hwc_handle_resp().
CVE-2025-58151	Critical	2026-07-09	Not applicable	No public exploit	varstored is a component of the Xapi toolstack handling UEFI Variables for a VM. It has a communication path with OVMF inside the VM involving mapping a buffer prepared by OVMF. Within varstored, there were insufficient compiler barriers, creating TOCTOU issues with data in the shared buffer. The exact vulnerable behaviour depends on the code generated by the compiler. In a build of varstored using default settings, the attacker can control an index used in a jump table.
CVE-2026-37531	Critical	2026-05-01	Not applicable	No public exploit	AGL app-framework-main thru 17.1.12 contains a Zip Slip path traversal vulnerability (CWE-22) combined with a TOCTOU race condition (CWE-367) in the widget installation flow. The is_valid_filename function in wgtpkg-zip.c validates ZIP entry names but does not check for dot notation directory traversal sequences it only blocks absolute paths. The zread extraction function uses openat(workdirfd, filename, O_CREAT) which resolves dot notation values relative to the work directory, allowing files to be written anywhere on the filesystem. Critically, in function install_widget in file wgtpkg-install.c, extraction via zread occurs BEFORE signature verification via check_all_signatures. Even if signature verification fails, the error cleanup (remove_workdir) only deletes the temporary work directory files written outside via path traversal persist permanently.
CVE-2026-20677	Critical	2026-02-11	Not applicable	No public exploit	A race condition was addressed with improved handling of symbolic links. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.5 and iPadOS 18.7.5, iOS 26.3 and iPadOS 26.3, macOS Sequoia 15.7.4, macOS Sonoma 14.8.4, macOS Tahoe 26.3, visionOS 26.3. A shortcut may be able to bypass sandbox restrictions.
CVE-2026-25728	Critical	2026-02-10	Not applicable	Proof of concept only	ClipBucket v5 is an open source video sharing platform. Prior to 5.5.3 - #40, a Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) race condition vulnerability exists in ClipBucket's avatar and background image upload functionality. The application moves uploaded files to a web-accessible location before validating them, creating a window where an attacker can execute arbitrary PHP code before the file is deleted. The uploaded file was moved to a web-accessible path via move_uploaded_file(), then validated via ValidateImage(). If validation failed, the file was deleted via @unlink(). This vulnerability is fixed in 5.5.3 - #40.
CVE-2026-25641	Critical	2026-02-06	Not applicable	Proof of concept only	SandboxJS is a JavaScript sandboxing library. Prior to 0.8.29, there is a sandbox escape vulnerability due to a mismatch between the key on which the validation is performed and the key used for accessing properties. Even though the key used in property accesses is annotated as string, this is never enforced. So, attackers can pass malicious objects that coerce to different string values when used, e.g., one for the time the key is sanitized using hasOwnProperty(key) and a different one for when the key is used for the actual property access. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.8.29.
CVE-2026-25052	Critical	2026-02-04	Not applicable	No public exploit	n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to versions 1.123.18 and 2.5.0, a vulnerability in the file access controls allows authenticated users with permission to create or modify workflows to read sensitive files from the n8n host system. This can be exploited to obtain critical configuration data and user credentials, leading to complete account takeover of any user on the instance. This issue has been patched in versions 1.123.18 and 2.5.0.
CVE-2025-13032	Critical	2025-11-11	Not applicable	No public exploit	Double fetch in sandbox kernel driver in Avast/AVG Antivirus <25.3 on windows allows local attacker to escalate privelages via pool overflow.
CVE-2025-64180	Critical	2025-11-07	Not applicable	No public exploit	Manager-io/Manager is accounting software. In Manager Desktop and Server versions 25.11.1.3085 and below, a critical vulnerability permits unauthorized access to internal network resources. The flaw lies in the fundamental design of the DNS validation mechanism. A Time-of-Check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) condition that allows attackers to bypass network isolation and access internal services, cloud metadata endpoints, and protected network segments. The Desktop edition requires no authentication; the Server edition requires only standard authentication. This issue is fixed in version 25.11.1.3086.
CVE-2025-34027	Critical	2025-05-21	Not applicable	Exploited	The Versa Concerto SD-WAN orchestration platform is vulnerable to an authentication bypass in the Traefik reverse proxy configuration, allowing at attacker to access administrative endpoints. The Spack upload endpoint can be leveraged for a Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) write in combination with a race condition to achieve remote code execution via path loading manipulation, allowing an unauthenticated actor to achieve remote code execution (RCE).This issue is known to affect Concerto from 12.1.2 through 12.2.0. Additional versions may be vulnerable.
CVE-2025-22224	Critical	2025-03-04	Not applicable	Exploited	VMware ESXi, and Workstation contain a TOCTOU (Time-of-Check Time-of-Use) vulnerability that leads to an out-of-bounds write. A malicious actor with local administrative privileges on a virtual machine may exploit this issue to execute code as the virtual machine's VMX process running on the host.
CVE-2024-41787	Critical	2025-01-10	Not applicable	No public exploit	IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS Next 7.0.2 and 7.0.3 could allow a remote attacker to bypass security restrictions, caused by a race condition. By sending a specially crafted request, an attacker could exploit this vulnerability to remotely execute code.
CVE-2024-56337	Critical	2024-12-20	Mitigation candidate	Exploited	Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulnerability in Apache Tomcat. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.1, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.33, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.97. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: 8.5.0 though 8.5.100. Other, older, EOL versions may also be affected. The mitigation for CVE-2024-50379 was incomplete. Users running Tomcat on a case insensitive file system with the default servlet write enabled (readonly initialisation parameter set to the non-default value of false) may need additional configuration to fully mitigate CVE-2024-50379 depending on which version of Java they are using with Tomcat: - running on Java 8 or Java 11: the system property sun.io.useCanonCaches must be explicitly set to false (it defaults to true) - running on Java 17: the system property sun.io.useCanonCaches, if set, must be set to false (it defaults to false) - running on Java 21 onwards: no further configuration is required (the system property and the problematic cache have been removed) Tomcat 11.0.3, 10.1.35 and 9.0.99 onwards will include checks that sun.io.useCanonCaches is set appropriately before allowing the default servlet to be write enabled on a case insensitive file system. Tomcat will also set sun.io.useCanonCaches to false by default where it can.
CVE-2024-50379	Critical	2024-12-17	Mitigation candidate	Proof of concept only	Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulnerability during JSP compilation in Apache Tomcat permits an RCE on case insensitive file systems when the default servlet is enabled for write (non-default configuration). This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.1, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.33, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.97. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: 8.5.0 though 8.5.100. Other, older, EOL versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.2, 10.1.34 or 9.0.98, which fixes the issue.
CVE-2024-41779	Critical	2024-11-22	Not applicable	No public exploit	IBM Engineering Systems Design Rhapsody - Model Manager 7.0.2 and 7.0.3 could allow a remote attacker to bypass security restrictions, caused by a race condition. By sending a specially crafted request, an attacker could exploit this vulnerability to remotely execute code.
CVE-2024-49768	Critical	2024-10-29	Not applicable	No public exploit	Waitress is a Web Server Gateway Interface server for Python 2 and 3. A remote client may send a request that is exactly recv_bytes (defaults to 8192) long, followed by a secondary request using HTTP pipelining. When request lookahead is disabled (default) we won't read any more requests, and when the first request fails due to a parsing error, we simply close the connection. However when request lookahead is enabled, it is possible to process and receive the first request, start sending the error message back to the client while we read the next request and queue it. This will allow the secondary request to be serviced by the worker thread while the connection should be closed. Waitress 3.0.1 fixes the race condition. As a workaround, disable channel_request_lookahead, this is set to 0 by default disabling this feature.
CVE-2024-0132	Critical	2024-09-26	Not applicable	Working exploit published	NVIDIA Container Toolkit 1.16.1 or earlier contains a Time-of-check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) vulnerability when used with default configuration where a specifically crafted container image may gain access to the host file system. This does not impact use cases where CDI is used. A successful exploit of this vulnerability may lead to code execution, denial of service, escalation of privileges, information disclosure, and data tampering.
CVE-2024-28718	Critical	2024-04-12	Not applicable	No public exploit	An issue in OpenStack magnum yoga-eom version allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the cert_manager.py. component.
CVE-2023-33154	Critical	2023-07-11	Not applicable	No public exploit	Windows Partition Management Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
CVE-2022-33257	Critical	2023-03-10	Not applicable	No public exploit	Memory corruption in Core due to time-of-check time-of-use race condition during dump collection in trust zone.
CVE-2021-35090	Critical	2022-06-14	Not applicable	No public exploit	Possible hypervisor memory corruption due to TOC TOU race condition when updating address mappings in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile
CVE-2021-35082	Critical	2022-06-14	Not applicable	No public exploit	Improper integrity check can lead to race condition between tasks PDCP and RRC? right after a valid RRC security mode command packet has been received in Snapdragon Industrial IOT
CVE-2021-30347	Critical	2022-06-14	Not applicable	No public exploit	Improper integrity check can lead to race condition between tasks PDCP and RRC? right after a valid RRC Command packet has been received in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile
CVE-2021-30343	Critical	2022-06-14	Not applicable	No public exploit	Improper integrity check can lead to race condition between tasks PDCP and RRC? after a valid RRC Command packet has been received in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile
CVE-2021-30342	Critical	2022-06-14	Not applicable	No public exploit	Improper integrity check can lead to race condition between tasks PDCP and RRC? after a valid RRC Command packet has been received in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wearables
CVE-2022-28743	Critical	2022-04-21	Not applicable	No public exploit	Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulerability in Foscam R2C IP camera running System FW <= 1.13.1.6, and Application FW <= 2.91.2.66, allows an authenticated remote attacker with administrator permissions to execute arbitrary remote code via a malicious firmware patch. The impact of this vulnerability is that the remote attacker could gain full remote access to the IP camera and the underlying Linux system with root permissions. With root access to the camera's Linux OS, an attacker could effectively change the code that is running, add backdoor access, or invade the privacy of the user by accessing the live camera stream.
CVE-2021-32708	Critical	2021-06-24	Not applicable	No public exploit	Flysystem is an open source file storage library for PHP. The whitespace normalisation using in 1.x and 2.x removes any unicode whitespace. Under certain specific conditions this could potentially allow a malicious user to execute code remotely. The conditions are: A user is allowed to supply the path or filename of an uploaded file, the supplied path or filename is not checked against unicode chars, the supplied pathname checked against an extension deny-list, not an allow-list, the supplied path or filename contains a unicode whitespace char in the extension, the uploaded file is stored in a directory that allows PHP code to be executed. Given these conditions are met a user can upload and execute arbitrary code on the system under attack. The unicode whitespace removal has been replaced with a rejection (exception). For 1.x users, upgrade to 1.1.4. For 2.x users, upgrade to 2.1.1.
CVE-2019-5421	Critical	2019-04-03	Not applicable	No public exploit	Plataformatec Devise version 4.5.0 and earlier, using the lockable module contains a CWE-367 vulnerability in The `Devise::Models::Lockable` class, more specifically at the `#increment_failed_attempts` method. File location: lib/devise/models/lockable.rb that can result in Multiple concurrent requests can prevent an attacker from being blocked on brute force attacks. This attack appear to be exploitable via Network connectivity - brute force attacks. This vulnerability appears to have been fixed in 4.6.0 and later.
CVE-2019-7249	Critical	2019-01-31	Not applicable	No public exploit	In Keybase before 2.12.6 on macOS, the move RPC to the Helper was susceptible to time-to-check-time-to-use bugs and would also allow one user of the system (who didn't have root access) to tamper with another's installs.

CVE

Severity

Published▾

Status

Exploitation

Description

CVE-2026-126937

Critical

2026-11-13

Not applicable

No public exploit

Zipline before 4.6.5 contains a TOCTOU race condition in the POST /api/setup endpoint that allows unauthenticated attackers to create multiple SUPERADMIN accounts by racing concurrent requests before the firstSetup flag is reset. Attackers can send simultaneous requests with spoofed X-Forwarded-For headers during the argon2 hashing window to gain full administrative control of the instance.

CVE-2026-117603

Critical

2026-10-27

Not applicable

No public exploit

Electrum before 4.7.2 contains a spending limit bypass vulnerability in the Nostr Wallet Connect plugin that allows malicious NWC clients to exceed daily_limit_sat by exploiting non-atomic budget checks and millisatoshi truncation. Attackers can send concurrent pay_invoice requests that pass budget_allows_spend() before add_to_budget() runs, or repeatedly pay msat amounts that are floored to whole satoshis, to drain funds beyond the limit.

CVE-2026-113078

Critical

2026-10-20

Not applicable

No public exploit

Race condition in Compositing in Google Chrome prior to 156.0.8078.47 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to potentially execute arbitrary code outside the sandbox via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)

CVE-2026-82761

Critical

2026-09-17

Not applicable

No public exploit

Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulnerability in team-alembic AshAuthentication allows an attacker holding a leaked magic link to replay its single-use token and authenticate as the target subject. A magic link configured with single_use_token?, which is the default, is meant to be redeemable exactly once, but nothing serialises the token's validity check against its consumption, so concurrent redemptions of one token all succeed and each yields a full user token. Sign-in verifies the JWT with Jwt.verify/4 and revokes it only afterwards: AshAuthentication.Strategy.MagicLink.SignInPreparation revokes in a Query.after_action callback, and AshAuthentication.Strategy.MagicLink.SignInChange in an after_transaction hook that runs once the sign-in has already committed. AshAuthentication.TokenResource.Actions.revoke/3 writes the revocation as an upsert, so a concurrent duplicate revocation silently succeeds instead of conflicting and no request ever loses the race. This issue affects ash_authentication: from 3.9.0 before 4.15.0 and from 5.0.0-rc.0 before 5.0.0-rc.14.

CVE-2026-77972

Critical

2026-09-15

Not applicable

No public exploit

Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition in Slab safeurl allows an attacker who controls a hostname's DNS responses to reach internal network destinations that validation rejected. Validation returns a verdict and not the address it approved, so the HTTP clients the library ships receive the original hostname and resolve it a second time when the request is made. An attacker who controls the authoritative DNS for a name can answer the first lookup with a permitted address and the second with a blocked one, and the request then reaches a destination validation never approved. The same window opens without an attacker whenever a name legitimately resolves to different addresses across lookups, such as short record lifetimes or rotation between several addresses. This issue affects safeurl: from 0.1.0 onward.

CVE-2026-68488

Critical

2026-09-10

Not applicable

No public exploit

A Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition leading to insecure symlink following in Plesk causes local privilege escalation to root via arbitrary file/directory ownership takeover.

CVE-2026-78319

Critical

2026-09-01

Not applicable

No public exploit

A service running on the affected products contains a potential Time-of-Check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) race condition. An unauthenticated remote attacker could exploit this race condition to bypass intended security controls. This may result in the execution of unauthorized code.

CVE-2026-19410

Critical

2026-08-31

Not applicable

No public exploit

An Incorrect Authorization vulnerability in GitHub Trigger Comment Control in Google Cloud Build prior to 2026-06-24 on Google Cloud Platform allows a remote attacker to execute unreviewed code in the build environment using webhook suppression. This vulnerability was patched on 24 June 2026, and no customer action is needed.

CVE-2026-54754

Critical

2026-08-28

Not applicable

Proof of concept only

Klever-Go is the Go implementation of the Klever blockchain protocol. Prior to 1.7.19, marketplace settlement in core/kapp/market/market.go reads MarketOrderData.ReferralPercentage from the listing while reading asset.Royalties.MarketPercentage live at purchase time. An asset owner can create a valid listing and then use AssetTrigger UpdateRoyalties to make the combined referral and royalty percentages exceed the bid. executeBuyMarket pays referral and royalty amounts unconditionally while computeMarketOwnerAmount silently skips a nonpositive seller remainder, allowing MarketBuy, BuyItNow, or auction Claim settlement to credit more KLV or sale currency than the buyer paid. This can create unbacked currency and corrupt token supply integrity. This issue is fixed in version 1.7.19.

CVE-2026-63297

Critical

2026-08-12

Not applicable

Proof of concept only

An authorization bypass vulnerability in LXD due to a timing flaw during configuration merging allows an authenticated attacker to bypass target project restrictions during cross-project instance copies. When copying an instance to a target project, LXD performs restriction checks before configuration merging is complete, creating a time-of-check to time-of-use (TOCTOU) condition. An attacker can exploit this flaw to copy instances with disallowed high-privilege configurations into restricted projects, bypassing security controls.

CVE-2026-43632

Critical

2026-08-06

Not applicable

No public exploit

llama.cpp builds b7492 through the latest b9060 contains a use-after-free vulnerability in llama-server affecting six tokenization endpoints (/tokenize, /detokenize, /infill, /apply-template, /rerank, and /anthropic/count_tokens) that bypass the task queue and access ctx_server.vocab directly on HTTP worker threads. Attackers can exploit a time-of-check-time-of-use race condition where the main thread destroys and frees vocab after the synchronization lock is released but before the handler finishes using it, causing a crash or potential code execution when --sleep-idle-seconds is configured.

CVE-2026-64091

Critical

2026-07-19

Not applicable

No public exploit

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: batman-adv: tt: fix TOCTOU race for reported vlans The local TT based TVLV is generated by first checking the number of VLANs which have at least one TT entry. A new buffer with the correct size for the VLANs is then allocated. Only then, the list of VLANs s used to fill the VLAN entries in the buffer. During this time, the meshif_vlan_list_lock is held. But the actual number of TT entries of each VLAN can still increase during this time - just not the number of VLANs in the list. But the prefilter used in the buffer size calculation might still cause an increase of the number of VLANs which need to be stored. Simply because a VLAN might now suddenly have at least one entry when it had none in the pre-alloc check - and then needs to occupy space which was not allocated. It is better to overestimate the buffer size at the beginning and then fill the buffer only with the VLANs which are not empty.

CVE-2026-64034

Critical

2026-07-19

Not applicable

No public exploit

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: mana: Fix TOCTOU double-fetch of hwc_msg_id from DMA buffer In mana_hwc_rx_event_handler(), resp->response.hwc_msg_id is read from DMA-coherent memory and bounds-checked, then mana_hwc_handle_resp() re-reads the same field from the same DMA buffer for test_bit() and pointer arithmetic. DMA-coherent memory is mapped uncacheable on x86 and is shared, unencrypted, in Confidential VMs (SEV-SNP/TDX), so each load goes directly to host-visible memory. A H/W can modify the value between the check and the use, bypassing the bounds validation. Fix this by reading hwc_msg_id exactly once using READ_ONCE() into a stack-local variable in mana_hwc_rx_event_handler(), and passing the validated value as a parameter to mana_hwc_handle_resp().

CVE-2025-58151

Critical

2026-07-09

Not applicable

No public exploit

varstored is a component of the Xapi toolstack handling UEFI Variables for a VM. It has a communication path with OVMF inside the VM involving mapping a buffer prepared by OVMF. Within varstored, there were insufficient compiler barriers, creating TOCTOU issues with data in the shared buffer. The exact vulnerable behaviour depends on the code generated by the compiler. In a build of varstored using default settings, the attacker can control an index used in a jump table.

CVE-2026-37531

Critical

2026-05-01

Not applicable

No public exploit

AGL app-framework-main thru 17.1.12 contains a Zip Slip path traversal vulnerability (CWE-22) combined with a TOCTOU race condition (CWE-367) in the widget installation flow. The is_valid_filename function in wgtpkg-zip.c validates ZIP entry names but does not check for dot notation directory traversal sequences it only blocks absolute paths. The zread extraction function uses openat(workdirfd, filename, O_CREAT) which resolves dot notation values relative to the work directory, allowing files to be written anywhere on the filesystem. Critically, in function install_widget in file wgtpkg-install.c, extraction via zread occurs BEFORE signature verification via check_all_signatures. Even if signature verification fails, the error cleanup (remove_workdir) only deletes the temporary work directory files written outside via path traversal persist permanently.

CVE-2026-20677

Critical

2026-02-11

Not applicable

No public exploit

A race condition was addressed with improved handling of symbolic links. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.5 and iPadOS 18.7.5, iOS 26.3 and iPadOS 26.3, macOS Sequoia 15.7.4, macOS Sonoma 14.8.4, macOS Tahoe 26.3, visionOS 26.3. A shortcut may be able to bypass sandbox restrictions.

CVE-2026-25728

Critical

2026-02-10

Not applicable

Proof of concept only

ClipBucket v5 is an open source video sharing platform. Prior to 5.5.3 - #40, a Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) race condition vulnerability exists in ClipBucket's avatar and background image upload functionality. The application moves uploaded files to a web-accessible location before validating them, creating a window where an attacker can execute arbitrary PHP code before the file is deleted. The uploaded file was moved to a web-accessible path via move_uploaded_file(), then validated via ValidateImage(). If validation failed, the file was deleted via @unlink(). This vulnerability is fixed in 5.5.3 - #40.

CVE-2026-25641

Critical

2026-02-06

Not applicable

Proof of concept only

SandboxJS is a JavaScript sandboxing library. Prior to 0.8.29, there is a sandbox escape vulnerability due to a mismatch between the key on which the validation is performed and the key used for accessing properties. Even though the key used in property accesses is annotated as string, this is never enforced. So, attackers can pass malicious objects that coerce to different string values when used, e.g., one for the time the key is sanitized using hasOwnProperty(key) and a different one for when the key is used for the actual property access. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.8.29.

CVE-2026-25052

Critical

2026-02-04

Not applicable

No public exploit

n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to versions 1.123.18 and 2.5.0, a vulnerability in the file access controls allows authenticated users with permission to create or modify workflows to read sensitive files from the n8n host system. This can be exploited to obtain critical configuration data and user credentials, leading to complete account takeover of any user on the instance. This issue has been patched in versions 1.123.18 and 2.5.0.

CVE-2025-13032

Critical

2025-11-11

Not applicable

No public exploit

Double fetch in sandbox kernel driver in Avast/AVG Antivirus <25.3 on windows allows local attacker to escalate privelages via pool overflow.

CVE-2025-64180

Critical

2025-11-07

Not applicable

No public exploit

Manager-io/Manager is accounting software. In Manager Desktop and Server versions 25.11.1.3085 and below, a critical vulnerability permits unauthorized access to internal network resources. The flaw lies in the fundamental design of the DNS validation mechanism. A Time-of-Check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) condition that allows attackers to bypass network isolation and access internal services, cloud metadata endpoints, and protected network segments. The Desktop edition requires no authentication; the Server edition requires only standard authentication. This issue is fixed in version 25.11.1.3086.

CVE-2025-34027

Critical

2025-05-21

Not applicable

Exploited

The Versa Concerto SD-WAN orchestration platform is vulnerable to an authentication bypass in the Traefik reverse proxy configuration, allowing at attacker to access administrative endpoints. The Spack upload endpoint can be leveraged for a Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) write in combination with a race condition to achieve remote code execution via path loading manipulation, allowing an unauthenticated actor to achieve remote code execution (RCE).This issue is known to affect Concerto from 12.1.2 through 12.2.0. Additional versions may be vulnerable.

CVE-2025-22224

Critical

2025-03-04

Not applicable

Exploited

VMware ESXi, and Workstation contain a TOCTOU (Time-of-Check Time-of-Use) vulnerability that leads to an out-of-bounds write. A malicious actor with local administrative privileges on a virtual machine may exploit this issue to execute code as the virtual machine's VMX process running on the host.

CVE-2024-41787

Critical

2025-01-10

Not applicable

No public exploit

IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS Next 7.0.2 and 7.0.3 could allow a remote attacker to bypass security restrictions, caused by a race condition. By sending a specially crafted request, an attacker could exploit this vulnerability to remotely execute code.

CVE-2024-56337

Critical

2024-12-20

Mitigation candidate

Exploited

Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulnerability in Apache Tomcat. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.1, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.33, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.97. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: 8.5.0 though 8.5.100. Other, older, EOL versions may also be affected. The mitigation for CVE-2024-50379 was incomplete. Users running Tomcat on a case insensitive file system with the default servlet write enabled (readonly initialisation parameter set to the non-default value of false) may need additional configuration to fully mitigate CVE-2024-50379 depending on which version of Java they are using with Tomcat: - running on Java 8 or Java 11: the system property sun.io.useCanonCaches must be explicitly set to false (it defaults to true) - running on Java 17: the system property sun.io.useCanonCaches, if set, must be set to false (it defaults to false) - running on Java 21 onwards: no further configuration is required (the system property and the problematic cache have been removed) Tomcat 11.0.3, 10.1.35 and 9.0.99 onwards will include checks that sun.io.useCanonCaches is set appropriately before allowing the default servlet to be write enabled on a case insensitive file system. Tomcat will also set sun.io.useCanonCaches to false by default where it can.

CVE-2024-50379

Critical

2024-12-17

Mitigation candidate

Proof of concept only

Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulnerability during JSP compilation in Apache Tomcat permits an RCE on case insensitive file systems when the default servlet is enabled for write (non-default configuration). This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.1, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.33, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.97. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: 8.5.0 though 8.5.100. Other, older, EOL versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.2, 10.1.34 or 9.0.98, which fixes the issue.

CVE-2024-41779

Critical

2024-11-22

Not applicable

No public exploit

IBM Engineering Systems Design Rhapsody - Model Manager 7.0.2 and 7.0.3 could allow a remote attacker to bypass security restrictions, caused by a race condition. By sending a specially crafted request, an attacker could exploit this vulnerability to remotely execute code.

CVE-2024-49768

Critical

2024-10-29

Not applicable

No public exploit

Waitress is a Web Server Gateway Interface server for Python 2 and 3. A remote client may send a request that is exactly recv_bytes (defaults to 8192) long, followed by a secondary request using HTTP pipelining. When request lookahead is disabled (default) we won't read any more requests, and when the first request fails due to a parsing error, we simply close the connection. However when request lookahead is enabled, it is possible to process and receive the first request, start sending the error message back to the client while we read the next request and queue it. This will allow the secondary request to be serviced by the worker thread while the connection should be closed. Waitress 3.0.1 fixes the race condition. As a workaround, disable channel_request_lookahead, this is set to 0 by default disabling this feature.

CVE-2024-0132

Critical

2024-09-26

Not applicable

Working exploit published

NVIDIA Container Toolkit 1.16.1 or earlier contains a Time-of-check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) vulnerability when used with default configuration where a specifically crafted container image may gain access to the host file system. This does not impact use cases where CDI is used. A successful exploit of this vulnerability may lead to code execution, denial of service, escalation of privileges, information disclosure, and data tampering.

CVE-2024-28718

Critical

2024-04-12

Not applicable

No public exploit

An issue in OpenStack magnum yoga-eom version allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the cert_manager.py. component.

CVE-2023-33154

Critical

2023-07-11

Not applicable

No public exploit

Windows Partition Management Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

CVE-2022-33257

Critical

2023-03-10

Not applicable

No public exploit

Memory corruption in Core due to time-of-check time-of-use race condition during dump collection in trust zone.

CVE-2021-35090

Critical

2022-06-14

Not applicable

No public exploit

Possible hypervisor memory corruption due to TOC TOU race condition when updating address mappings in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile

CVE-2021-35082

Critical

2022-06-14

Not applicable

No public exploit

Improper integrity check can lead to race condition between tasks PDCP and RRC? right after a valid RRC security mode command packet has been received in Snapdragon Industrial IOT

CVE-2021-30347

Critical

2022-06-14

Not applicable

No public exploit

Improper integrity check can lead to race condition between tasks PDCP and RRC? right after a valid RRC Command packet has been received in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile

CVE-2021-30343

Critical

2022-06-14

Not applicable

No public exploit

Improper integrity check can lead to race condition between tasks PDCP and RRC? after a valid RRC Command packet has been received in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile

CVE-2021-30342

Critical

2022-06-14

Not applicable

No public exploit

Improper integrity check can lead to race condition between tasks PDCP and RRC? after a valid RRC Command packet has been received in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wearables

CVE-2022-28743

Critical

2022-04-21

Not applicable

No public exploit

Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulerability in Foscam R2C IP camera running System FW <= 1.13.1.6, and Application FW <= 2.91.2.66, allows an authenticated remote attacker with administrator permissions to execute arbitrary remote code via a malicious firmware patch. The impact of this vulnerability is that the remote attacker could gain full remote access to the IP camera and the underlying Linux system with root permissions. With root access to the camera's Linux OS, an attacker could effectively change the code that is running, add backdoor access, or invade the privacy of the user by accessing the live camera stream.

CVE-2021-32708

Critical

2021-06-24

Not applicable

No public exploit

Flysystem is an open source file storage library for PHP. The whitespace normalisation using in 1.x and 2.x removes any unicode whitespace. Under certain specific conditions this could potentially allow a malicious user to execute code remotely. The conditions are: A user is allowed to supply the path or filename of an uploaded file, the supplied path or filename is not checked against unicode chars, the supplied pathname checked against an extension deny-list, not an allow-list, the supplied path or filename contains a unicode whitespace char in the extension, the uploaded file is stored in a directory that allows PHP code to be executed. Given these conditions are met a user can upload and execute arbitrary code on the system under attack. The unicode whitespace removal has been replaced with a rejection (exception). For 1.x users, upgrade to 1.1.4. For 2.x users, upgrade to 2.1.1.

CVE-2019-5421

Critical

2019-04-03

Not applicable

No public exploit

Plataformatec Devise version 4.5.0 and earlier, using the lockable module contains a CWE-367 vulnerability in The `Devise::Models::Lockable` class, more specifically at the `#increment_failed_attempts` method. File location: lib/devise/models/lockable.rb that can result in Multiple concurrent requests can prevent an attacker from being blocked on brute force attacks. This attack appear to be exploitable via Network connectivity - brute force attacks. This vulnerability appears to have been fixed in 4.6.0 and later.

CVE-2019-7249

Critical

2019-01-31

Not applicable

No public exploit

In Keybase before 2.12.6 on macOS, the move RPC to the Helper was susceptible to time-to-check-time-to-use bugs and would also allow one user of the system (who didn't have root access) to tamper with another's installs.